1. Rise of the Aluminum Industry in the Northwest Consumption -- about 1/3 of total generation Jobs - not that large when compared to energy consumption: only less than 10,000 Components: –bauxite mining –alumina refining –aluminum reduction smelting – fabrication of shapes –final assembly uses Northwest Specialties

2. Hall Process Technology Anode + Bath of Alumina and a Fluxing Agent, Cryolite Molten Aluminum Ingots & Shapes National and International Markets Hood to ventilate CO and CO 2 Gas Cathode - Electrical Power (Al 2 O 3 )

3. History Alcoa monopoly on technology Anti-trust lawsuits in 1930’s BPA - Inclusion of D.S.I. concept WW II-Plants Post-WW-II disposition First phase of Post-WWII plants Second phase - Post Korean War The history of treatment since ca. 1985 Current energy market & world aluminum price

4. Recent Forecast and Actual Electricity Consumption PNW Source: PNW Power Planning Council. 57% of Gap due to DSI’s.

5. Current Loads Versus Forecast – Shortfall due to curtailment of delivery to aluminum industry

15. From the 5 th NWPCC Plan