1. AITSO
CCNA Course -2
CCNA Course-2

2. Cisco Networking Academy
Building Scalable Internetworks
Implementing Secured Converged Wide-Area Networks
Building Multilayer Switched Networks
Optimizing Converged Networks
Networking for Home and Small Businesses
Working at a Small-to-Medium Business or ISP
Introducing Routing and Switching in the Enterprise
Designing and Supporting Computer Networks
Network Fundamentals
Routing Protocols and Concepts
LAN Switching and Wireless
Accessing the WAN
CCNA
Security
CCNP
Network Professional
IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software
CCNP
Network Specialist
Cisco Packet Tracer
Security
CCNA Discovery
CCNA Exploration
Network Associate
NOTE: this is a build slide
Our current portfolio consists of 14 courses
IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software —provides an overview of how the internal components of a computer work The course covers laptops and portable devices, assembling/disassembling PC components, wireless connectivity, security, safety and environmental issues associated with installing, configuring and troubleshooting and a PC.
CCNA Discovery (4 courses) —provides an introduction to networking. It teaches networking based on application and helps students develop foundational routing, switching, and WAN knowledge and experience, which can be applied toward entry-level careers in networking for small and medium-sized businesses.
CCNA Exploration (4 courses) —provides an introduction to networking. It teaches networking based on technology. It covers routing, switching, and WAN protocols and theory at deeper levels to help students succeed in networking-related degree programs and a range of professions.
CCNA Security –helps students develop a comprehensive understanding of network security concepts, and gain the knowledge and skills needed to earn the Cisco CCNA Security certification and become entry-level security specialists.
CCNP (4 courses) —the CCNP curriculum focuses on the advanced routing, secure wide area access, multilayer switching, and networking management skills required to implement and maintain converged enterprise networks.
Cisco Packet Tracer — Provides a realistic simulation and visualization learning environment that supplements classroom equipment. Cisco Packet Tracer is a foundational teaching tool for CCNA Discovery, CCNA Exploration, and Packet Tracer activities are embedded in the course content. Both curricula include embedded e-doing, which applies the principle that people learn best by interacting with computer-based activities. Interactive learning promotes the exploration of networking concepts and experimentation with tools such as Packet Tracer and Flash-based activities to help students develop a greater understanding of networking technologies. Packet Tracer activities are also available for CCNA Security.
Network Technician
IT Essentials
IT Technician
Student Networking Knowledge and Skills 2

3. Cisco Networking Certification
Cisco Certification Carrier Path
CCNA CCENT
CCNA
CCNA Security
CCNP
CompTIA A+
CCNA Discovery
CCNA Exploration
CCNP
All of our curricula help prepare students for industry recognized certifications:
IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software — CompTIA A+ certification
CCNA Discovery (first 2 courses) — CCENT certification
CCNA Discovery (4 courses) — CCNA certification
CCNA Exploration (4 courses) — CCNA certification
CCNA Security - CCNA Security certification
CCNP (4 courses) — CCNP certification
IT Essentials
Security
Student Networking Knowledge and Skills 3

4. What is CCNA and Why CCNA ?
CCNA is a popular certification in computer networking developed by Cisco Systems.
Recognize basic competency in installation and support of medium-sized networks.
It has Been established in 1992, there are more than 600,000 Certified in the world jj
Certification Information
The current version of the CCNA certification exam is the The IS available from October 1, Candidates can prepare for this exam by taking the Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices: Accelerated (CCNAX) course. This exam tests a candidate's knowledge and skills required to install, operate, and troubleshoot a small to medium-size enterprise branch network. The topics include all the areas covered under the CCNA exam.
Test Details
Associated Certifications
CCNA Routing and Switching
Number of questions
50-60 questions
Type of questions
Multiple choice
Test Duration
90 minutes (Up to 150 minutes for non-English countries)
Passing score
82.5 % (825 out of 1000)
Languages
English
Exam codes
CCNA
Register
Pearson VUE
Validity
3 Years
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training

5. Topics covered on the CCNA exam includejj
Operation of IP Data Network
LAN Switching Technologies
IP addressing (IPv4 / IPv6)
IP Routing Technologies
IP Services
Network Device Security
Troubleshooting
WAN Technologies
Here are a few things that will be included in the new exam...
IOS v15 commands
IPv6 configuration
802.1x security
Advanced troubleshooting scenarios
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training

6. CISCO Career Path
CCNA Security includes instruction in the installation, troubleshooting and monitoring of network devices to maintain integrity, confidentiality and availability of data and devices and develops competency in the technologies that Cisco uses in its security structure. CCNA Security provides a next step for individuals who want to enhance their skill set and prepare for new roles managing converged networks

7. Network jj
A network is a group of two or more computer systems linked together
Types Of Networks
Personal Area Network (PANs)
Local-area networks (LANs)
Wide-area networks (WANs)
Campus-area networks (CANs)
Metropolitan-area networks (MANs)
Home-area networks (HANs)
Enterprise Private Networks
Backbone Networks (BBN)
Global Area Networks (GAN)
The Internet
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training

8. Network Networks can be divided into one of two categories:jj
Networks can be divided into one of two categories:
peer-to-peer
Client server-based networks
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training
Networks can be Use for Three types of Service
Local Service
Remote Service
Enterprise Service

9. Network Characteristics of a Networkjj
Characteristics of a Network
When you are determining how to build a network, each of these characteristics must be considered along with the applications that will be running on the network. The key to building the best network is to achieve a balance of these characteristics.
Topology: Networks have two types of topologies: the physical topology, which is the arrangement of the cable, network devices, and end systems (PCs and servers), and the logical topology, which is the path that the data signals take through the physical topology.
Availability: Availability is a measure of the probability that the network will be available for use when required. For networks that are meant to be used 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year, availability is calculated by dividing the time it is actually available by the total time in a year and then multiplying by 100 to get a percentage.
For example, if a network is unavailable for 15 minutes a year because of network outages, its percentage availability can be calculated as follows:
([Number of minutes in a year – downtime] / [Number of minutes in a year]) * 100 = Percentage availability
([ – 15] / [525600]) * 100 =
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training

10. Network jj
Speed: Speed is a measure of how fast data is transmitted over the network. A more precise term would be data rate.
Security: Security indicates how secure the network is, including the data that is transmitted over the network. The subject of security is important and constantly evolving. You should consider security whenever you take actions that affect the network.
Scalability: Scalability indicates how well the network can accommodate more users and data transmission requirements. If a network is designed and optimized for just the current requirements, it can be very expensive and difficult to meet new needs when the network grows.
Reliability: Reliability indicates the dependability of the components (routers, switches, PCs, and so on) that make up the network. Reliability is often measured as a probability of failure, or mean time between failures (MTBF).
Cost: Cost indicates the general cost of components, installation, and maintenance of the network.
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training

11. Elements Of Network End devices, also referred as hosts:
These devices act as the interface between the end users and the underlying
network. Examples: Computers, IP phones, mobile phones, PDAs, etc.
2. Intermediary devices: Devices that give network access to the attached end devices and transport the messages between hosts. Examples: Hubs, switches, routers, modems, firewalls, etc.
3. Transmission media: Copper cable (allows the propagation of electric voltage or current pulses) or optical fiber cable (allows the propagation of light pulses), or wireless, that is, some radio link (allows the propagation of electromagnetic waves).
4. Services: Network-aware software applications (e.g., a web browser) that request network resources (e.g., data) in order to enjoy the end user of the application some provided service (e.g., World Wide Web).
5. Processes: Software that runs on network devices in order to support the communication functions
6. Messages: Well-known applications. Includes telephone calls, , web pages, etc.
Elements Of Network jj
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training

12. Elements Of Network Basic Elements of Wireless Networksjj
Basic Elements of Wireless Networks
Every WiFi network consists of these four basic elements. The WLAN formation is formed from the following parts.
Access point – AP
It is wireless gateway and bridge between wireless networks and wired networks. AP enables that all connected WiFi devices can exchange information with the wired network.
Wireless Medium
The wireless medium is the radio frequency (RF) signals that serve for exchanging frames among stations and wired backbone. There are five types of wireless medium or five generations of the WiFi, defined by the standard.
• a – a
• b – b
• g – g
• n – n
• ac – ac
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training

13. Elements Of Network Distribution System – DSjj
Distribution System – DS
The distribution system has two functions:
• Connecting access point to the backbone – usually internet.
• Connects two different access points over a wired network.
Stations – Wireless Clients
The stations or wireless clients are all the devices that support WiFi connection. Together with access point they are the most important elements of the WLAN formation.
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training

14. Networking Topologiesjj
Topologies are Two Types One is physical other is logical.
Logical Topology
Also called signal topology
Logical topologies are bound to the network protocols that direct how the data moves across a network
Ethernet used UTP for BUS , STAR ,RING
Local Talk Used Apple for BUS , STAR ,RING
Token Ring Used IBM For Ring
Etc
Physical Topology
The physical layout of devices on a network.
There are four principal topologies used in LANs.
Bus topology
Ring topology
Star topology
Tree topology
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training

15. Network Architecture & Modeljj
Network architecture is the design of a communications network ,it is a conceptual framework that describes how data and network information are communicated from an application on one computer through network media to an application on other computers in terms of different layers. Network architecture is also known as Reference model
There mainly two classifications of Reference models and are Open and closed.
Open model is one which is open for everyone and no secrecy is there. In a closed model, also known as proprietary system the architecture is kept secret from users.
Open model
OSI Reference model
TCP/IP Model (Internet Architecture)
SS7 For PSTN Network
Closed Model
IBM SNA (Systems Network Architecture),
Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC; now part of HP)
DNA (Digital Network Architecture),
Apple computer's AppleTalk, and Novell's NetWare.
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training

16. Network Device & Componentjj
NIC
A network interface controller (NIC, also known as a network interface card, network adapter, LAN adapter)
The NIC contains the electronic circuitry required to communicate using a
1. Wired connection (e.g., Ethernet)
2. Wireless connection (e.g., WiFi).
HUB
A common connection point for devices in a network. Hubs are commonly used to connect segments of a LAN. A hub contains multiple ports. When a packet arrives at one port, it is copied to the other ports so that all segments of the LAN can see all packets.
1. Passive,
2. Intelligent
3. Switching Hubs
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training

17. Network Device & Componentjj
Bridge
A device used to connect two separate Ethernet networks into one extended Ethernet. Bridges only forward packets between networks that are destined for the other network.
Types of Bridges
1. Transparent basic bridge
2. Source routing bridge
3. Transparent learning bridge
4. Transparent spanning bridge
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training

18. Network Device & Componentjj
Network Switch
A switch is a multi-port network bridge that processes and forwards data at the data link layer (layer 2) of the OSI model. Some switches have additional features, including the ability to route packets. These switches are commonly known as layer-3 or multilayer switches.
Types of network Switch
Fibre Channel, Asynchronous Transfer Mode, InfiniBand, Ethernet and others.
Types of switches (Form factor)
Desktop
Rack-mounted
Chassis
DIN rail–mounted
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training

19. Network Device & Component
There are two types of switches to consider as part of your basic networking building blocks:
Managed
A managed switch can be configured. You can monitor and adjust a managed switch locally or remotely.
Unmanaged.
An unmanaged switch works out of the box but can't be configured.
There are three switches positions to consider networking building Diagram:
Access Switch
Distribution Switch
Core Switch
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training

20. Network Device & Component
Router
A router acts a dispatcher, analyzing data being sent across a network, choosing the best route for your data to travel, and sending it on its way. Routers connect your business to the world, protect information from security threats, and can even decide which computers receive priority over others.
Cisco Router Components
ROM – POST , Bootstrap
RAM - containing Running Configuration of Routing Device
FLASH - IOS
NVRAM – Startup-configuration , Config-register
Interface – Ethernet , Serial , FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface),
Auxiliary - Connecting to an external modem . It can be used as a backup demand-dial connection to another location
Console - The rollover cable is connected to both the PC COM port and the console port on the router, the router can be configured using a terminal emulation program like Windows HyperTerminal.
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training

21. Network Device & Component
Function of a router
The main function of a router is to enable the movement of data by a device from one network to another. A router is actually a specialized computer connected to one or more networks.
Router has generally three main functions.
Packet Forwarding
Packet switching and
Packet filtering
Cisco Routers can be found two types
Fixed Router
Modular Router
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training
There are three Types Of Router
Small Office Router
Branch Office Router (SMB)
Head Office or Core Router

22. Network Device & Component
The router Advantages
Router can work on both LAN and WAN,
Second, it is able to define the best way the information or data have to follow;
Router is able to filter the broadcasts while leading them between two interfaces.
A router can be connected to many media and architectures and this facilitates the work in some companies.
To provide integrated services of data, video, and voice over wired and wireless network
Every interface is single broadcast domain.
Every interface with Ethernet is single collision domain.
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training

23. Cause Of LAN Traffic Congestion
There are some possible reasons of LAN traffic congestion.
- low bandwidth
- Broadcast storms
- Multicast traffic
- too many hosts in a broadcast or collision domain
failing router/switch
-bad network topology
-DNS errors
-virus/spyware infections
-bandwidth-hogging network-based applications
-End-user behavior (downloading huge files, peer-to-peer file sharing, playing heavy-bandwidth consuming online games, etc.).
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training

24. Network Media Network Media There is two types of Network Media
Guided : Guided media is a technique that is wired, Consists of physical connection between source and destination via a wire or a cable.
Twisted pair cable
Co-axial cable
Fiber-optic cable
Unguided : unguided media is a wireless technique. No physical
connection between source and destination, instead they use air itself.
Infrared
Blutooth
WiFi
WiMAX
RADIO
Microwaves
Satellite
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training

25. Switch & Router .;.;.;.; Connection Media
There are two types of Network Media
Wired or Cable Media
wireless or invisible waves Media
Wireless or invisible waves Media
Wireless Media uses radio frequencies (RF) or infrared (IR) waves to transmit data between devices on a LAN.
Infrared - Uses frequency of light. Signal will not pass through wall or object. The speed is 100Kbps to 16Mbps
Bluetooth- Bluetooth uses radio frequency of 2.4Ghz. within about a 30 foot range . Transmission through wall or objects is allowed
In Academy Connection, there are no pre-requisites for students to enroll in the CCNA Security course. However, student must have basic PC skill, internet navigation and core CCNA level routing and switching skills. The CCNA Security course assumes students have this base knowledge. One way students can get the base CCNA level knowledge is by completing the CCNA D or E curricula.
For instructors to open both instructor and student classes, the pre-requisites are the same … they should have completed either CCNA Security training or NS1 or NS2 or CCNP 2 or Fast Track training
WiFi- It stands for "wireless fidelity“ The Wi-Fi Alliance the organization that owns the Wi-Fi
WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a wireless communications standard designed to provide 30 to 40 megabit-per-second data rates