1. The Timeline of Inventors Industrial Revolution Inventors & Inventions

2. TIMELINE OF INVENTORS 1.Who was the inventor? 2.What was the invention? 3.Where was it invented? 4.When was it invented? 5.What did the invention do? 6.What did the invention allow to happen?

3. The 1 st Industrial Revolution Historical Figures 1-8

4. 1. JAMES HARGREAVES

5. Spinning Jenny = thread Great Britain 1764 1 st Industrial Revolution Makes clothes faster and cheaper

6. 2. James Watt

7. 2. JAMES WATT Improved steam engine = energy Great Britain 1769 1 st Industrial Revolution An engine that converts the heat energy of pressurized steam into mechanical energy. Power source for factories

8. 3. Henry Cort

9. Puddling process/furnace Great Britain 1784 1 st Industrial Revolution Removed carbon impurities from Iron making it stronger Led to widespread use of iron for a variety of items including iron rail (railroad)

10. 4. Eli Whitney

11. 4. ELI WHITNEY Cotton gin – remove seeds from cotton United States 1793 1 st Industrial Revolution Made it easier to clean cotton of its seeds Increases cotton production = more textiles

12. 5. Edward Jenner

13. Small pox vaccine Great Britain 1798 Helped prevent the spread of smallpox Greatly reduced the number of people getting smallpox and lower fatality rate. 1802 caricature of Jenner vaccinating patients who feared it would make them sprout cow-like appendages.

14. 6. Robert Fulton

15. 6. ROBERT FULTON Steam Boat = water transportation United States 1807 1 st Industrial Revolution Propelled boats along waterways powered by steam Transportation – faster and cheaper –Communication improves (mail moves faster)

16. 7. Michael Faraday

17. 7. MICHAEL FARADAY Electric Generator Great Britain 1821 1 st Industrial Revolution to 2 nd Industrial Revolution New energy source – makes light, heat, runs machines

18. 8. George Stephenson

19. 8. GEORGE STEPHENSON Steam locomotive – train Great Britain 1825 1 st Industrial Revolution Transportation – land, revolutionized transportation Linked people, place, goods Creates demand for: iron rails & engines, jobs for building & operating, coal

20. The 2 nd Industrial Revolution Historical Figures 9-18

21. ESSENTIAL QUESTION What were the major differences between the inventions of the first industrial revolution and the second industrial revolution?

22. 9. Andrew Carnegie

23. Mass production of steel United States 1865 2 nd Industrial Revolution Steel – lighter, harder, more durable than iron

24. 10. Samuel Morse

25. 10. SAMUEL MORSE Telegraph – coded messages over wires by means of electricity United States 1844 1 st — 2 nd Industrial Revolution Completely changed communication; enabled rapid exchange of information

26. 11. FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

27. Nursing profession –Cleaner hospitals, better hygiene, 1 st school of nursing Great Britain 1860 2 nd Industrial Revolution Health/Sanitation Revolution

28. 12. LOUIS PASTEUR

29. Germ Theory of Disease & Pasteurization - Kill germs – lowers disease & more people live France 1870 2 nd Industrial Revolution Pasteurization – heat-up & cool down

30. 13. THOMAS EDISON

31. Light Bulb United States 1879 2 nd Industrial Revolution Light – led the way for light and electricity; people (factories) can operate independent of daylight

32. 14. Alexander Graham Bell

33. Telephone United States 1876 2 nd Industrial Revolution Made communication easier and quicker 1882 1913

34. The Telephone

35. 15. BENZ, MAYBACH & DAIMLER Wilhelm Maybach

36. 15. BENZ, MAYBACH & DAIMLER Internal Combustion Engine –Made transportation quicker and more reliable Germany 2 nd Industrial Revolution Benz –1885 – 3 wheeled automobile Maybach –1876 - Four-stroke cycleFour-stroke cycle Daimler –1885 – 1 st motorcycle

37. 16. Guglielmo Marconi

38. System of wireless telegraphy Great Britain 1896 2 nd Industrial Revolution Improved ways of communication Allowed communication to go across the Atlantic

39. 17. Orville and Wilbur Wright

40. Airplane December 17, 1903 United States 2 nd Industrial revolution the first sustained and controlled heavier-than-air powered flight Began a new age in transportation—air travel (sort of)

41. 18. Henry Ford

42. Model T Assembly line method of construction United States 1908 2 nd Industrial Revolution Greatly improved and sped up production; cut costs of manufactured goods

43. The Social Impact of the Industrial Revolution Historical Figures 19 & 20

44. Karl Marx

45. The Communist Manifesto & Das Kapital 1848 Trier, Germany 2 nd Industrial Revolution Argued against the merits of capitalism & praised the proletariat (workers) His philosophy led to a rise in socialism and radical communism

46. Adam Smith

47. The Wealth of Nations 1776 British Colonies in America 1 st Industrial Revolution Laid the theoretical framework for capitalism and the “invisible hand” Believed that the pursuit of individual wealth and success would improve society for everyone