2. What Characteristics do all Living Things Share? All living things have a cellular organization. A cell is the basic unit of life. Unicellular- one celled (i.e. bacteria) Multicellular- more than one cell (i.e. animals)

3. Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes Prokaryotes are organisms that DO NOT have a nucleus. Ex. Bacteria Eukaryotes are organisms that have a nucleus. Ex. Animals, humans, plants

4. Cells are composed of chemicals. Water- the most abundant Carbohydrates- for energy Proteins and lipids- building materials Nucleic Acids- contain genetic material

5. Living things react to stimuli. A stimulus is something in the environment that causes a reaction, or a response. A response is an action or change in behavior.

6. Living things grow and develop. Growth- an increase in the size of an organism. Development- a progressive change in an organism over time.

7. All living things have the ability to reproduce. All living things arise from other living things.

8. The theory of Spontaneous Generation, which proposed that life can appear spontaneously from non-living things, was disproved by experiments performed by Redi and Pasteur.

9. Life Comes from Life Living things come from living things. 400 years ago people though that living things came from non-living things (Spontaneous Generation). Francisco Redi, Louis Pasteur did experiments to disprove this theory.

10. Redi’s Experiment

11. Louis Pasteur Invented a process where bacteria could be removed by boiling and then cooling liquid. Ex. The milk you drink is pasteurized. He also developed vaccinations for anthrax, cholera, TB, smallpox, and rabies.

12. All living things use energy. Energy is used to nourish, repair and create new cells. We obtain energy from converting the foods that we eat into energy that can be used by the cells.

13. How do Organisms Obtain Food for Energy? Autotrophs- make their own food (Plants). Heterotrophs- obtain food from other sources. (like us)  Herbivore- eat plants.  Carnivore- eat animals (meat).  Omnivore- eat plants and animals.

14. All living things will die. One of the realities of life is that all life eventually comes to an end. This process is called Expiration.

15. What do All Living Things Need to Survive? 1.Water**** 2.Food (energy) 3.Living space 4.Stable internal conditions (Homeostasis)

16. Homeostasis The maintenance of stable internal conditions despite changes in the environment (maintaining a balance in your body.)

17. More terms: Taxonomy- the scientific study of how living things are classified. Binomial nomenclature- Naming system in which each organism has a two-part name. “Genus and species” Ex: Canis familiaris (dog)

18. Stimulus- a change in an organism’s surrounding that cause an organism to react. Response-a reaction to a stimulus Structure-the way an organism is made Ex: Bacterial cells are rod-like.

19. When classifying: Use observable characteristics DNA Structure When they are closely related, they share the same DNA.

20. Classification- the process of grouping things based on their similarities. Why classify? Because it’s easier for scientists to study.