1. Mobile Source Control Division July 2, 2003 Planning and Technical Support Division Public Workshop Monitoring and Laboratory Division California Air Resources Board Proposed Control Measure to Reduce Emissions from Small Off-Road Engines ( SORE )

2. Topics to Cover Evaporative Inventory Exhaust California Air Resources Board

3. Exhaust Emissions Mobile Source Control Division

4. Overview of Presentation Background Amendment Objectives Test Results Other Modifications to the Regulations and Test Procedures California Air Resources Board

5. Significant Events 1990: 1st SORE Reg Adopted 1995: 1st Standards Implemented 1998: SORE Reg Amended 1998/2000: U.S. EPA Finalizes Regs 2003: New Amendments to be Proposed California Air Resources Board

6. Statewide Small Engine Exhaust Inventory California Air Resources Board CY 2000 165 TPD = CY 2020 97 TPD = + HC+NOx

7. Regulatory Amendment Objectives Align with U.S. EPA’s 2005 “handheld” HC+NOx emission level Adopt catalyst based HC+NOx standards for “nonhandheld” engines Adopt optional low-emission standards Better align ARB/U.S. EPA Test Procedures California Air Resources Board

8. 0-65cc (“Handheld”) Engines - Proposed Amendments Align with U.S. EPA’s 50 g/kW-hr HC+NOx standard –Applicable to engines less than 50cc –CO and PM standards unchanged Revise upper limit of category to include engines up to 80cc 2005 MY Implementation –Inline with EPA California Air Resources Board

9. >80cc (“Nonhandheld”) Engines - Proposed Amendments 50% reduction in HC+NOx standard –Catalyst based levels –>80 - <225cc: 8.0 g/kW-hr –225cc and above: 6.0 g/kW-hr Include 1000 hour durability option for engines 225cc and above 2006 MY Implementation California Air Resources Board

10. Catalyst Test Program Contractor: SwRI Purpose: Test small engine with catalysts to show a 50% emission reduction is feasible over the useful life of the engine California Air Resources Board

11. Emission Control System B&S #1 –Enleanment, Catalyst, PSAI Tecumseh –Catalyst, PSAI Honda #1 –Catalyst, PSAI Kawasaki –Enleanment, Catalyst, PSAI California Air Resources Board

12. Catalysts Used TWC Metallic substrate Loading confidential California Air Resources Board

13. Catalyst Efficiency California Air Resources Board Target Level

14. Exhaust Levels Achieved Current Standard Proposed Standard Current Standard Proposed Standard Developed Engine Emissions California Air Resources Board

15. Muffler Surface Temperatures California Air Resources Board (@Mode 1)

16. Muffler Out Temperatures California Air Resources Board (@Mode 1)

17. Summary of Tier 3 Standards California Air Resources Board

18. Environmental Benefits 2010 Statewide HC+NOx Reductions from Exhaust Proposal (TPD) California Air Resources Board

19. Estimated Cost to Meet Proposed Standards < 80 cc: $0/unit > 80 - < 225 cc: ~ $26 - $32/unit > 225 cc: ~ $45 - $66/unit California Air Resources Board

20. Optional Standards Voluntary Cleaner Engines California “Blue Sky Series” Comply with HC+NOx levels 50% of Tier 3 standard Incentives 2005/6 Implementation California Air Resources Board

21. Additional Changes to Exhaust Regulations Unit Power: Convert from hp to kW Defects Reporting –Voluntary/Ordered Recall –Included in Exhaust and Evaporative Program Align ARB/U.S. EPA Test Procedures California Air Resources Board