1. Pushing Back the Axis Ch. 21 Section 4

2. Striking Germany and Italy Casablanca Conference – Idea was to attack the “soft underbelly” of Europe. Italy will quit if Allies invade their homeland. Germans eventually retreated, but with a high Allied cost. (300,000) Eisenhower: Commander of the European Theatre

3. Operation Overlord (D-Day) Allied troops land at Normandy, begin liberation of France. The largest amphibious operation in history succeeds.

4. Battle of the Bulge Last large German counter attack against American and British troops is halted. Goal was to stop Allied supplies coming in thru Belgium. Germans eventually retreat, left with little resources to prevent Germany from Allied attack.

5. The War Ends in Europe V-E Day Germany is assaulted on 2 fronts. Allied forces West Soviet forces East German defenses crumble Hitler kills himself (appoints Karl Doenitz as successor) Eisenhower insists on unconditional surrender V-E Day May 8, 1945

6. Truman Becomes President FDR died just before V-E day, Truman becomes pres. Truman will have to make critical decisions in the coming months

7. The Battle of Iwo Jima Victory in the Battle of Leyte Gulf enables MacArthur to return to the Philippines (Oct. 1944) US Marines land on Iwo Jima, over 6,800 marines are killed before the island is captured. Why Iwo Jima?

8. Firebombing Japan Gen. LeMay ordered the use of firebombs on Japanese targets Use of napalm was controversial. 80,000 deaths ½ of the urban area was destroyed.

9. The Invasion of Okinawa Despite widespread destruction, Japan showed few signs of surrender US officials prepared for a Japanese invasion Okinawa was chosen for its geographic importance. Okinawa was captured in June 1945