2. Data flow

3. Types of connections

4. TopologyStarMeshBusRingHybrid

5. A fully connected mesh topology

6. A star topology connecting four stations

7. A bus topology connecting three stations

8. A ring topology connecting six stations

9. A hybrid topology

10. A heterogeneous network

11. THE INTERNET

12. Video Play

13. Protocols SyntaxSemanticsTiming

14. Standards De FactoDe Jure

15. ISO- OSI Model

16. 2.16 Seven layers of the OSI model

17. 2.17 The interaction between layers

18. 2.18 An exchange using the OSI model

19. 2.19 Physical layer

20. 2.20 Data link layer

21. 2.21 Hop-to-hop delivery

22. 2.22 Network layer

23. 2.23 Source-to-destination delivery

24. 2.24 Transport layer

25. 2.25 Process-to-process delivery of a message

26. 2.26 Session layer

27. 2.27 Presentation layer

28. 2.28 Application layer

29. 2.29 TCP/IP and OSI model

30. 2.30 Layers and addresses in TCP/IP

31. Interconnecting Devices Passive Hubs Active Hubs Bridges Two-Layer Switches Routers Three- Layer Switches Gateways

32. 15.32 Five categories of connecting devices

33. 15.33 A repeater connecting two segments of a LAN

34. 15.34 Function of a repeater

35. 15.35 A hierarchy of hubs

36. 15.36 A bridge connecting two LANs

37. 15.37 A learning bridge and the process of learning

38. 15.38 Loop problem in a learning bridge

39. 15.39 Finding the shortest paths and the spanning tree in a system of bridges

40. 15.40 Forwarding and blocking ports after using spanning tree algorithm

41. 15.41 Routers connecting independent LANs and WANs

42. Backbone Network

43. 15.43 Bus backbone

44. 15.44 Star backbone