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The Determinants of Turkish Foreign Policy (Part 2) Week 1-2 Week_1_2_TFP_Part1.

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Presentation on theme: "The Determinants of Turkish Foreign Policy (Part 2) Week 1-2 Week_1_2_TFP_Part1."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Determinants of Turkish Foreign Policy (Part 2) Week 1-2 Week_1_2_TFP_Part1

2 THE GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF TFP 1)Maintenance of the Status-Quo (Preserving Existing Frontiers and Balance) 2) Westernism or Modernization

3 1) the SQ : Preserving Existing Frontiers

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5 The National Pact (Misak-ı Milli)- 28 January 1920

6 Borders of Turkey according to the Treaty of Sèvres (1920) which was annulled and replaced by the Treaty of Lausanne (1923) as a consequence of the Turkish War of Independence led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.Treaty of SèvresTurkish War of Independence Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

7 Borders of Turkey set by the Treaty of Lausanne (24 July 1923)

8 Gentlemen, I don't think it is necessary any further to compare the principles underlying the Lausanne Peace Treaty with other proposals for peace. This treaty, is a document declaring that all efforts, prepared over centuries, and thought to have been accomplished through the SEVRES Treaty to crush the Turkish nation have been in vain. It is a diplomatic victory unheard of in the Ottoman history! 1927 M Kemal Atatürk The Great Speech

9 1) the SQ : Preserving Existing Frontiers Satisfied to live within its borders. The maxim of ‘ Peace at home and peace in the world’. The actions at Montreux and Hatay were carried out in conformity with international law. Hatay is the only exception as a territorial expansion. The intervention in Cyprus was in compliance with the 1960 Treaty of Gurantee.

10 2) The SQ : Westernism Western civilization is based on capitalism (infrastructure) and rationality (superstructure). The concept’s interpretation has changed through time in Turkey. Today it has the most advanced democratic order emphasizing human/minority rights in the Muslim World.

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12 Why the West ? 1)Historical Dimension: Anatolia’s geographical, religious, other features drove the Turks westward. 2)The ideological dimension:The legacy of the westernizing reforms of the Union and Progress. 3)The Social Dimension: Its class structure and development model. 4)The cultural dimension: the cultural influence of the West. 5)SQ oriented SMP characteristics 6)Underdeveloped country nationalism

13 Several Conjunctural Factors shaping TFP The transition from the Cold War to détente The end of the Cold War The on-going Cyprus Crisis The Arab uprisings

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