1. NUTRITION AND DIGESTION

2. Nutrition Your body needs found in foods. 1. Nutrients provide energy and materials for, growth and repair. 2. You need energy for every activity and to maintain a steady internal temperature. B. Class of Nutrients 1. a) Used for replacement and repair of body cells and growth. b) Made up of. (building blocks of protein) c) Found in eggs, milk, cheese, and meats. d) Essential amino acids must be supplied by food. 2. a) The main source of energy for your body. b) Made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.

3. Nutrition c) are simple carbohydrates; are complex carbohydrates. d) are found in fruits, honey, and milk. e) are found in potatoes and pasta f) is found in whole-grain breads, beans, and peas. 3. a) Also called. b) Provide energy and help your body to. c) Because fat is a good storage unit for energy, any excess energy is converted to fat. d) Classified as or based on their chemical structure. e) Saturated fats are associated with high cholesterol. 4. a) Needed for growth, regulating body functions and preventing disease. b) A well-balanced diet usually give your body all the vitamins it needs. c) Two groups: and.

4. Nutrition 5. a) Are inorganic (nonliving) nutrients b) Regulate many in your body. c) and are used most by the body. 6. a) Required for survival b) Cells need water to carry out their functions. c) Most nutrients your body needs must be dissolved in water d) The human body is about water. e) You lose water each day, when you perspire, exhale and get rid of wastes.

5. Food Groups C. 1. Because no food has every nutrient, you should eat a variety of foods. 2. The food pyramid helps people select foods that supply all the nutrients they need. Eat a variety of colors. 3. Foods that contain the same nutrients belong to a food group.

6. Food Groups 4. The five food groups a) (Bread and cereal) b) c) * The amount of each food group needed every day depends d) on the total number of calories that are right for you.* e) f) 5. Energy Pyramid (Food Plate) a) Suggested daily allowances 1) Grains 5-10 oz 2) Vegetables2-4 cups 3) Fruits1.5 to 2.5 cups 4) Milk3 cups 5) Meats & Beans5-7 oz

7. Digestive System A. - breaks food down into small molecules that can be absorbed by the blood. 1. - food is chewed, mixed and churned. 2. - chemical reactions break down food. B. 1. Type of that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction in your body. 2. Many enzymes are involved in the digestion of,, and. C. Organs 1. - food does not pass through them. a) Include the tongue, teeth, salivary glands, liver, gall bladder and pancreas.

8. Digestion 2. Digestive tract a) - Here, your tongue, teeth, and saliva change food into a soft mass. b) - muscular tube moves food to the stomach using peristalsis, or waves of muscle contractions. c) - Here, food is digested mechanically by peristalsis and chemically by digestive solutions with the help of enzymes. 1) Food becomes a thin, watery liquid called. d) - Villi increase the surface area to help absorption. Blood transports the absorbed nutrients to cells. e) - Absorbs water from undigested chyme. 1) Peristalsis slows down so chyme can be in the large intestine as long as three days. 2) The rectum and anus control the release of solid wastes from the body.

9. Digestion D. Describe step by step what happens to an apple as it is digested in your body. In the mouth, the tongue and teeth begin to break the apple down into smaller particles. Saliva begins chemical digestion, breakingdown starch into sugar. The esophagus moves the apple particles into the stomach. In the stomach, food mixed mechanically by peristalsis. I also broken down by acids with the help of enzymes and changed into chyme. The chyme flows into the small intestine, where it is further digested chemically. Nutrients are absorbed by the villi into the blood vessels, and then transported to all the cells of the body. The remaining undigested materials move into the large intestine, where water is absorbed from it and it becomes more solid. Finally, the rectum and anus control the release of the remaining solid waste.

10. Nutrition Guide to Burning Calories NUMBER OF CALORIES PER (1) HOUR BURNED Weight100110120130140150160170180190200210220 Sleeping 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 Sitting 48 60 72 78 84 90 96102108114120126134 Eating 56 70 84 91 98105112119126133140147154 Standing 64 80 96104112118123131139147155163171 Walking120150180195210225240255270285300315330 Tennis3004005005506006507007508008509009501000 Bicycling: It will vary according to the duration of time and length of the trip Running: It will vary according to the duration and the length of the trip