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Transcription and Translation DNA codes for RNA which codes for Proteins (DNA → RNA → Proteins) 1. DNA → RNA=transcription a. transcription makes RNA,

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Presentation on theme: "Transcription and Translation DNA codes for RNA which codes for Proteins (DNA → RNA → Proteins) 1. DNA → RNA=transcription a. transcription makes RNA,"— Presentation transcript:

1 Transcription and Translation DNA codes for RNA which codes for Proteins (DNA → RNA → Proteins) 1. DNA → RNA=transcription a. transcription makes RNA, occurs in the nucleus 2. RNA → Proteins=Translation/or Protein Synthesis Translation is when RNA leaves the nucleus and amino acids are “read”.

2 DNA BOTH RNA 1. Double stranded 1. nucleic 1. single stranded 2. A-T, C-G acids 2. A-U(uracil), C-G 3. Instructions for 2. nucleotides 3. recipe to make lifeproteins 4. Deoxyribose 4. Ribose

3  EX. DNA strand: A-T-T-A-C-G-A-T-G-G-A  RNA strand:U-A-A-U-G-C-U-A-C-C-U 3. Types of RNA a. Messenger RNA (mRNA)-working copies of DNA; Strand that leaves nucleus b. Transfer RNA (tRNA)-“Dictionary” for translation of nucleotides to protein c. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)-makes ribosomes; site of protein synthesis

4  http://www.learnerstv.com/animation/animation. php?ani=326&cat=biology http://www.learnerstv.com/animation/animation. php?ani=326&cat=biology A. Steps of transcription: 1. RNA polymerase unzips DNA 2. RNA nucleotides join w/DNA nucleotides A pairs with U; C pairs with G 3. Sugar and phosphates come in (to form backbone) 4. mRNA leaves nucleus and goes to cytoplasm where it finds a ribosome and attaches to it

5 5. tRNA brings in an anticodon that matches with the codon; there is also an amino acid attached a. CODON-3 bases together 1. Code for an amino acid 2. There are 20 amino acids example: A-U-C  RNA: AAA-UAC-GAU-UGC-GGG 1 2 3 4 5 **There are 5 codons in this RNA strand

6 The Messenger RNA (mRNA) protein synthesis code 1 st base2 nd Base3 rd Base UUCAG PhenylalanineSerineTyrosineCysteineU PhenylalanineSerineTyrosineCysteineC LeucineSerineStop A LeucineSerineStopTryptophanG CLeucineProlineHistidineArganineU LeucineProlineGlutamineArganineC LeucineProlineGlutamineArganineA LeucineProlineAsparagineArganineG AIsoleucineThreonineAsparagineSerineU IsoleucineThreonineLysineSerineC IsoleucineThreonineLysineArginineA Methionine; Start ThreonineAspartateArginineG GValineAlanineAspartateGlycineU ValineAlanineAspartateGlycineC ValineAlanineGlutamateGlycineA ValineAlanineGlutamateGlycineG

7 6. When they match up together tRNA drops off, and you now have an amino acid 7. The Amino Acids from the mRNA strand code for a protein.

8 Nuclear membrane Transcription Translation DNA mRNA Ribosome Protein

9 Transcription Translation

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