1. Outline Quasar Outflows Doron Chelouche (IAS and TAU) Introduction Model NGC 3783 Conclusions Quasar Outflows: The X-ray perspective Doron Chelouche Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton NJ (currently at: Tel-Aviv University, Israel)

2. Proga et al. 2000 Introduction Quasar Outflows Doron Chelouche (IAS and TAU) Phenomenology: blueshifted absorption lines common in type-I quasars velocity range: 10 2 -10 5 km s -1 BAL flows Relevant to: Accretion-ejection processes Quasar structure (unification) Galaxy and cluster formation Kaspi et al. 2002 NAL flows Elvis M. Determining the flow properties is essential for investigating these issues

3. Model Quasar Outflows Doron Chelouche (IAS and TAU) Aim: to determine the flow properties Mean: by comparing model predictions to observations Kaspi et al. 2002 Flow properties are poorly constrained predictions method Spectral features (line, continuum) Flow properties (v, ) photoionization  dynamics 

4. Model Solution: Combine detailed photoionization and dynamical calculations Quasar Outflows Doron Chelouche (IAS and TAU) Next step: Comparing to observations

5. Quasar Outflows Doron Chelouche (IAS and TAU) NGC 3783 >100 absorption lines Continuum absorption Continuum variability Rest wavelength (A) Pure photoionization models George et al. 98 Krongold et al. 03 Netzer et al. 03 ????? What is the physics characterizing the multiphase flow? Kaspi et al. 2002

6. Arav 1996 Quasar Outflows Doron Chelouche (IAS and TAU) Ionization potential Kaspi et al. 2002 NGC 3783 The dynamical viewpoint de Kool et al. 2002 Calculating… mixed phases reminiscent of a turbulent medium

7. Reeves et al. 2003 Summary of X-ray results for NGC3783 The flow is energy driven (radiative acceleration is negligible) The flow is launched beyond the accretion disk (torus association?) The mass loss rate is similar to/smaller than the mass accretion rate (much smaller than previous estimates) The flow density structure is reminiscent of a turbulent ISM (triggered by the central star cluster?) NGC 3783 Quasar Outflows Doron Chelouche (IAS and TAU) Crenshaw et al. 1999

8. conclusions Quasar Outflows Doron Chelouche (IAS and TAU) Studying quasar outflows is important for understanding accretion phenomena, quasar structure, and galaxy/cluster formation High resolution and S/N X-ray grating spectra provide a unique view of such flows Realistic spectral fits accounting for hundreds of line and continuum features are feasible Combined dynamical, photoionization, and spectral modeling can reveal the physical properties of the ouflowing gas Similar models can be used to study gas dynamics in other systems (e.g., X-ray binaries) Thank you!

9. Fitting method Quasar Outflows Doron Chelouche (IAS and TAU) NGC 3783 density structure of the opaque gas component flow location and dynamics full spectral model (line profiles) density structure of the transparent gas component Initial guess

10. NGC 3783 Quasar Outflows Doron Chelouche (IAS and TAU) Ionization potential Kaspi et al. 2002 Multiphase outflow >100 absorption lines Continuum absorption Continuum variability Rest wavelength (A) Arav George et al. 98 Kaspi et al. 02, Krongold et al. 03 Netzer et al. 03 ????? large scale dilute gas small scale dense gas n=1 n=2 n=4 n=3 reminiscent of a turbulent medium Calculating…