1. 2004 2005 Paul VanRaden 1, Mel Tooker 1, Mahinda Dematawewa 2, and Ron Pearson 2 1 Animal Improvement Programs Laboratory, USDA 2 Virginia Polytechnic Institute paul@aipl.arsusda.gov Productive Life Including All Lactations, Longer Lactations, and Calf Value

2. ADSA-ASAS-CSAS JOINT MEETING 2005 (2)V AN RADEN 2004 2005 Goals  Allow credit for longer lactations in productive life (PL) Tsuruta et al, 2005, JDS 88:1156  Update factors that predict PL for cows still alive (censored cows)  Improve the PL trait definition by considering lactation curves

3. ADSA-ASAS-CSAS JOINT MEETING 2005 (3)V AN RADEN 2004 2005 Data Sets  Variance estimation from AIPL data  1,098,329 Holsteins born 1994  97  5109 sires with relationship matrix  10 mo, 12 mo, or unlimited length  2-mo calf value also considered  Data censored at 36 to 84 mo of age  Herds with complete lactations from DRMS history file

4. ADSA-ASAS-CSAS JOINT MEETING 2005 (4)V AN RADEN 2004 2005 PL Heritabilities and Correlations Lactation limit (mo) h2h2 1012None+Calf 10 mo.073.998.957.963 12 mo.069.956.961 No limit.067.992 +Calf.068

5. ADSA-ASAS-CSAS JOINT MEETING 2005 (5)V AN RADEN 2004 2005 Correlation of PL with Protein Correlation with protein10 mo12 mo No limit No limit + calf credit Phenotypic.16.17.20.19 Genetic.00.03.12.11 Phenotypic=.331993, Genetic=.46JDS 76:2758

6. ADSA-ASAS-CSAS JOINT MEETING 2005 (6)V AN RADEN 2004 2005 Early Measures of PL 10-mo limit PL statistic Censoring age 3 yr4 yr6 yrFinal Heritability.018.048.065.073 Genetic correlation.87.97.991.00 Phenotypic correlation w/1st-parity protein.25.21.17.16 Genetic correlation w/1st-parity protein.21.09.02.00

7. ADSA-ASAS-CSAS JOINT MEETING 2005 (7)V AN RADEN 2004 2005 Distribution of Months Until Culling 1 st -parity cows

8. ADSA-ASAS-CSAS JOINT MEETING 2005 (8)V AN RADEN 2004 2005 Lactation Curve yield = 5.9 + 9.5e [.059(1  e .047*t )/.047 .0018*t] 35 25 20 15 10 5 0 30

9. ADSA-ASAS-CSAS JOINT MEETING 2005 (9)V AN RADEN 2004 2005 First- and Later-Parity Shapes

10. ADSA-ASAS-CSAS JOINT MEETING 2005 (10)V AN RADEN 2004 2005 Current PL Credits 2 0 3451 Years 20 140 40 60 80 100 120 0 Credit (%) 321

11. ADSA-ASAS-CSAS JOINT MEETING 2005 (11)V AN RADEN 2004 2005 Possible PL Credits 2 0 3451 Years 20 140 40 60 80 100 120 0 Credit (%) 321

12. ADSA-ASAS-CSAS JOINT MEETING 2005 (12)V AN RADEN 2004 2005 Proposed PL Credits Month of lactation Parity13579111315 1.66.95.90.82.76.70.64.59 2.891.231.08.95.83.74.66.59 3+.951.311.151.00.89.78.70.63

13. ADSA-ASAS-CSAS JOINT MEETING 2005 (13)V AN RADEN 2004 2005 Conclusions  PL parameters are changing across time  Phenotypic correlations are fairly stable  Genetic correlations have declined rapidly  PL at 36-mo censoring has less info  Heritability is lower than 1993 estimate  Genetic correlation with final PL =.87 (vs.92)  Can increase lactation length limit in PL to 12 mo or use lactation curve credits