1. US ECONOMIC IMPERIALISM How does the United States expand its economic empire in Latin America & the Pacific?

2. US Economic Imperialism in Latin America After gaining independence many Latin American countries feared recolonization by the Europeans The US worried about imperialism & issues the Monroe Doctrine Doctrine states “the American Continents will no longer be subject to future European Colonization” In Latin America, many former army generals who led independence movements became military dictators (Caudillos) US supports Caudillos, want Latin American exports Latin America exports beef, fruit and vegetables & imports manufactured goods from the US Latin American becomes very dependent on US goods & doesn’t industrialize, borrows money from US Money does not go to help people or country but to improve exporting business The Caudillos had the support of the army and landowners – Juan Gomez in Venezuela says his country is “his own personal cattle ranch”

3. Spanish-American War Although US is against colonization, two groups favored imperialism 1. People who believed it was the America’s destiny to be an empire 2.American businesses who wanted new markets & materials 1868: Cuba declares independence from Spain but lose after 10 yrs 1895: Jose Marti starts second war of independence Yellow Journalists say Spain sinks ship, in reality a boiler exploded near weapons US opens the war by attacking Spanish colony of the Philippines, not Cuba Spain can’t fight two wars - US wins & gains Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam & Philippines US wants to help Cubans because 1)US business interests in Cuba, 2) attack of the USS Maine President McKinley tells US citizens & Filipinos that US is there to free them Cuba is independent, all others are colonies – Filipinos upset * Emilio Aguinaldo leads independence movement against US – but fails

4. US Annexes Hawai’i In Kingdom of Hawai’i, American fruit & sugar growers were highly successful accounting for 75% of Hawaiian wealth 1890: President McKinley puts tax on imported sugar (Hawaiian sugar now more expensive) American businesses in Hawai’i want the US to annex the country to avoid tax & get govt subsidy, US govt refuses request 1893: Queen Liliuokalani tries to change Hawaii’s constitution Queen wants more power for Hawaiian people, less for foreigners Group of American businessman overthrow Queen in a coup 1894: Sanford Dole is named President of the Republic of Hawai’i Dole asks US to annex Hawai’i, in 1898 US agrees to annex the republic

5. 1.List all objects & words in the cartoon 2.List any action you see in the cartoon (what is the eagle doing?) 3.What does the cartoonist think about American Imperialism? Puerto Rico Hawaii Guam Samoa Philippines US 1798 American Imperialism Cartoon