1. Experimental tests of the SM (2): CP violation and the CKM matrix FK8022, Lecture 6 Core text: Status of the CKM Matrix and CP Violation, A. Stocchi

2. Lecture outline Standard Model flavour parameters C, P, CP reminders CP violation in the SM CP violation and the CKM matrix Unitarity triangle

3. Free parameters of the Standard Model Masses ParameterValueMethod mumu 1.9 MeVLattice mdmd 4.4 MeVLattice msms 87 MeVLattice mcmc 1.3 MeVCollider mbmb 4.24 MeVCollider mtmt 173 GeVCollider meme 511 keVNon-collider mm 106 MeVNon-collider mm 1.78 GeVCollider mzmz 91.2 GeVCollider mHmH 125 GeVCollider Couplings ParameterValueMethod  0.0073non-collider + collider GFGF 1.17x10 -5 Non-collider ss 0.12Lattice + collider ParameterValueMethod    (CKM) 13.1 o Collider    (CKM) 2.4 o Collider    (CKM) 0.2 o Collider  (CKM-CPV) 0.995Collider  (strong CP) ~0Non-collider Flavour and CP violation

4. This lecture: Flavour physics, CP -violation and CKM matrix measurements from colliders. ParameterValueMethod    (CKM) 13.1 o Collider    (CKM) 2.4 o Collider    (CKM) 0.2 o Collider  (CKM-CPV) 0.995Collider Flavour and CP violation Parameters of the SM Flavour physics: weak charged current interactions involving hadron decays.

5. Very very brief reminder (1): parity LH RH v Parity QuantityEvenOdd Time Mass Energy Angular momentum Position Velocity Force Helicity

6. Very very brief Reminder (2): charge conjugation (C) and CP

7. Mechanism for CP violation in SM X f 1

8. CP violation in the SM

9. Different ways to violate CP

10. Direct CP violation 12

11. Direct CP -violation in B-sector

12. CP -violation in mixing

13. CP violation between mixing+decay

14. Observations of CP violation ProcessType of CP violation 1Mixing 2Direct 3Interference of mixing and decay 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Direct 11Direct 12Direct

15. CKM matrix

16. Unitarity constraint

17. Freedoms in the quark fields

18. Check with Cabibbo theory

19. CKM matrix - 1

20. CKM matrix-2

21. Revisiting CP violation Hadron typeNaive CPV prospects TopTop hadrons don’t exist!! Bottom CharmNo promising tree-level decays. D-mesons decay quickly (    s) with many decay possibilities Strange No promising tree-level decays. Long lifetime (    s), promising with CPV loops/oscillations. Size ~0.1%.

22. CP violation timeline > 2010 LHC-B: CPV in B s decays Kaon Experiments B-hadron experiments Series of dedicated small and not so-small experiments on K’s and B’s to study CPV.

23. Determination of non-CPV CKM parameters

25. Unitarity triangle CP violation

26. In an ideal world CP violation

27. In the real world – experiments measure contours

28. Why the large errors ? We want to test the EW sector of the SM and extract CKM parameters. But we observe the electroweak+strong stuff. The strong stuff is poorly understood. Use models to separate the contributions. Large uncertainties. Large widths for some contours.

29. ObservableFit result A 0.823[+0.012 -0.033] l 0.22457 [+0.00186 -0.00014] 0.1289 [+0.0176 -0.0094] 0.347 [+0.012 -0.012] State of the art unitarity triangle

30. Why flavour is important for searches Excluded Allowed SM

31. Summary CP violation in the Standard Model is an interference effect CKM matrix governs all quark mixing + CP violation with four parameters Many, many measurements of hadron decay. The CKM matrix consistently describes them all.