1. Chapter 14 Chapter 14 Blood Groups

2. ABO Blood Group is determined from three alleles. ABO Blood Group is determined from three alleles. Type A Type A Type B Type B Type O Type O Co-Dominant Recessive Human Blood Type GenotypePhenotype AA, AO A BB, BO B ABAB OOO

3. Human Blood Groups Rh Factor – type of protein on the surface of Red Blood Cells Rh Factor – type of protein on the surface of Red Blood Cells Rh blood group is determined by a single gene with two allelesRh blood group is determined by a single gene with two alleles POSITIVE [Rh+, Rh+] or {Rh+, Rh-] (Dominant) POSITIVE [Rh+, Rh+] or {Rh+, Rh-] (Dominant) NEGATIVE [Rh-, Rh-] (Recessive) NEGATIVE [Rh-, Rh-] (Recessive)

4. Blood cells have either “A or B” antigens on outside surface of blood cell or NO antigens, which gives you blood type “O”. Blood cells have either “A or B” antigens on outside surface of blood cell or NO antigens, which gives you blood type “O”.

5. WRONG BLOOD TYPE??? If given the “wrong” blood type for medical purpose, the immune system would recognize the blood cells as foreign and destroy them! If given the “wrong” blood type for medical purpose, the immune system would recognize the blood cells as foreign and destroy them!

6. We say the universal donor is Type O and the universal recipient is Type AB. We say the universal donor is Type O and the universal recipient is Type AB. However, Rh factor does matter!!!However, Rh factor does matter!!!

7. FYI…Blood Types Type O+ = 38.4 % most common Type O+ = 38.4 % most common Type A+ = 32.3 % Type A+ = 32.3 % Type B+ = 9.4 % Type B+ = 9.4 % Type O- = 7.7 % Type O- = 7.7 % Type A- = 6.5 % Type A- = 6.5 % Type AB+ = 3.2 % Type AB+ = 3.2 % Type B- = 1.7 % Type B- = 1.7 % Type AB - = 0.7 % most rare Type AB - = 0.7 % most rare

8. Lets do a Punnett Square…. Cross a heterozygous type A mom with a recessive dad. Give the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring. Cross a heterozygous type A mom with a recessive dad. Give the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring. Genotype: Genotype: AO 50% OO 50%  Phenotype: A 50% O 50% AOAO OOOO AOOO AO OO