1. Hey Hey it’s Wednesday! 10/21
Describe at least two ways that DNA and RNA are SIMILAR.
Describe at least two ways that DNA and RNA are DIFFERENT.
Use the following DNA gene below to create a new mRNA strip.
A T T G C G A A C G T A

2. Please, get out your homework and title page 35 “Translation” EQ: How can I describe translation?

3. Remember this from yesterday??
Central Dogma
DNA
RNA
Protein
Transcription
Translation
Ribosome
Nucleus

4. Translation: decoding of an mRNA message into a polypeptide chain
occurs on a ribosome (OUTSIDE the nucleus)

5. Translation Intro

6. Translation: mRNA travels to the ribosome
transfer RNA (tRNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome
polypeptide (protein) is formed

7. tRNA looks for the codon that pairs with its anticodon
Codon: three consecutive mRNA bases
Anticodon: three complementary tRNA bases
tRNA looks for the codon that pairs with its anticodon
the ribosome takes the amino acid and attaches it to the polypeptide chain

8. ORDER MATTERS!
order of DNA bases  order of RNA bases  order of amino acids  what protein is made
tRNA
Amino acids
mRNA

9. How to use the Codon Chart:
Use the left side to find the first letter in the codon
Use the top to find the second letter in the codon
Use the right side to find the third letter of the codon
Go to where ALL three overlap on the chart

10. DNA = GTA
mRNA = CAU

11. Did you notice?: The codon “AUG” can specify methionine or serve as the “start” codon for protein synthesis.

12. How to use the Codon Wheel:
Begin in the middle with the first letter of the codon
Go outward to the second letter in the codon
Go outward again to the third letter in the codon.
DNA = ATC/ATA
mRNA = UAA/UAG

13. What other codons will tell the ribosome to stop putting amino acids together? What DNA sequences will give you these codes?

14. Mind Map Example
Word bank: lipid, fatty acid, biomolecule, protein, enzyme, carbohydrate, ring, chain, Nitrogen, monosaccharide, amino acid, polypeptide
Biomolecule
lipid
Fatty acid
chain
carbohydrate
monosaccharide
polypeptide
nitrogen
Amino acid
enzyme
protein
ring =

15. Create your own mind map on page 36
Word bank: transcription, nucleus, DNA, mRNA, gene, A, G, C, T, U, nucleic acid, ribosome, translation, codon, protein
Explain the process of protein synthesis in 20 words at the bottom of your mind map.

16. Codon Bingo! Directions For Playing:
If a codon (example: AAG) is called out, you must find the amino acid.
If an amino acid (example: serine) is called out, you must find the codon.
Hint! When finding a codon, there may be more than one answer…you can count all possible answers on your card!