1. European Renaissance CHAPTER 17.1 AND 17.2

2. Where have we been?  In the last unit we talked about  The European Middle Ages (500-1200)  Charlemagne and the Germanic Kingdoms  European Feudalism  How the Catholic church has power and influence over governments  How Western Europe developed  The impact of the Plague

3. Where are we going?  The Renaissance: Period of explosive development in the arts, literature, and thought from 1300 to 1600 in Europe  The Reformation: Religious reform movement in Europe during the 1500’s that ultimately led to the birth of Protestant faiths ( Baptist, Methodist, etc.)

4. Why Here, Why Now? Reasons for the Renaissance  Crusaders returned to Europe with a newfound understanding of the world  Invention of the printing press encouraged literacy and aided the spread of new ideas  Capitol (extra cash) was now becoming increasingly available and allowed people to become, patrons: supporters of the arts  The development of bookkeeping and the use of credit allowed merchants to flourish

5. Italian Renaissance  Began in Northern Italian cities of Florence, Genoa, and Venice  “Rebirth” in which the educated wanted to bring back the cultural greatness of Classical Greece and Rome  Why Italy?  Thriving cities  Wealthy merchant class  Heritage of Greece and Rome

7. Italian Advantages  City-states: urban settings allowed exchange of ideas  Wealthy merchants, such as the Medici family in Florence, used fortunes to influence politics and promote individual achievement  Nearby Roman ruins supplied inspiration for Italian artists

8. Humanism  Study of ancient Latin and Greek manuscripts led to Humanism: intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements  Humanist Ideas:  Classical Greek and Roman traditions  Study of Humanities (history, lit, philosophy)  Enjoyment of material luxury, secularism

9. Renaissance Man  Idea that emerged from Renaissance writers (Castiglione’s The Courtier) about what educated people should be:  Artistically creative  Charming and witty  Well-educated in the classics  Dance, sing, play music, write poetry  Skilled rider, wrestler, swordsman

10. Renaissance Art  Technique of perspective: shows 3 dimensions on a flat surface  Focused on religious subjects, realistic styles, prominent citizens  Examples:  Michelangelo  Donatello  Leonardo  Raphael  Anguissola and Gentileschi

12. Michelangelo's The Last Judgment

13. The Last Supper Mona Lisa The Vitruvian Man

14. Raphael’s Galatea Raphael’s Sistine Madonna

15. Anguissola’s Self Portrait Gentileschi’s Self Portrait

16. Renaissance Literature  Characteristics: use of native language (vernacular), wrote for self-expression or individuality  Examples:  Petrarch: Father of Renaissance Humanism  Boccaccio: Decameron  Machiavelli: The Prince- Political guidebook  Not concerned with what was morally right but what is politically effective  “Strong as a lion, shrewd as a fox”

17. Printing Spreads Renaissance  Most significant “invention” of the time was the printing press  Gutenberg creates a much faster, cheaper method of literature reproduction  First used on the Bible  Cheap books became more available to the public leading to an overall increase in literacy

18.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xWka8vYzqH M

19. Questions for Review  Why was the Renaissance important?  Why did the Renaissance occur? TOMORROW: THE REFORMATION