1. Skin Cancer

2. Skin Cancer: Warm-Up #3 Complete the “Are you at Risk” WS

3. Today’s Vocabulary  Cancer : uncontrollable growth of abnormal tissue  Environment : the sum of your surroundings  Health Skills : specific tools and strategies to maintain, protect, and improve all aspects of your health  Prevention : taking steps to keep something from happening or getting worse

4. Skin Cancer FACTS  Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the U.S. and accounts for approximately 50% of all cancers.  The incidence of skin cancer is greater than breast, lung, prostate, colon, and kidney cancers added together.  One in five Americans will develop skin cancer in their lifetime.  About one million people are diagnosed with skin cancer every year in the U.S.  One American dies every hour from skin cancer.

5. Types of Skin Cancer 1.Basal cell carcinoma 2.Squamous cell carcinoma 3.Melanoma

6. Basal Cell Carcinoma Most frequently diagnosed skin cancer – 2.8 million every year in US Occurs in heavily sun-exposed areas of the skin – Usually appears on face, neck, ears, lips, & nose Rarely results in death, but can spread & cause more serious health problems

7. Basal Cell Carcinoma Typically occur as light pink or flesh- colored bumps with pearly or waxy appearances They grow slowly and are almost never fatal but, if neglected, can grow to the point where disfiguring surgery is necessary to remove them

8. Basal Cell Carcinoma Although common in all areas of the county, it is especially prevalent in southern states

9. Squamous Cell Carcinoma Second most common skin cancer – 700,000 cases every year in US More aggressive than basal – Can spread to other parts of the body – May result in death (2,500/year) Tends to occur in the most heavily sun- exposed areas of skin

10. Squamous Cell Carcinoma Often start as flat red or brown splotches which become rough, dry, and scaly If not treated, my eventually grow large enough to spread to nearby internal organs and be fatal

11. Squamous Cell Carcinoma Occurs in all areas of the country, but is more prevalent in southern states

12. Basal & Squamous Cell Carcinomas Approximately 1 million cases of basal & squamous cell carcinomas are diagnosed each year in the U.S.

13. With early detection and treatment cure rate of more than 95%

14. Melanoma accounts for less than 5% of the skin cancer cases – Causes more than 75% of the skin cancer deaths – Causes about 8,790 deaths each year in U.S. Melanoma Malignant melanoma is the most deadly of the three types of cancer

15. Melanoma Melanoma cases are increasing faster than any other cancer Melanoma is the most common cancer among 25-29 year old and second for 15-29 year olds Vulnerability to melanoma begins at age 12, much earlier than other skin cancers

16. Melanoma If not removed early, while thin, melanoma often grows rapidly, spreads to distant internal organs and is fatal It is equally likely to occur in all areas of the country.

18. Ordinary Moles ORDINARY MOLES have all of these features : Round or oval shape Sharp, even borders with skin Uniform color (usually brown) Less than ¼ inch wide Cauliflower or smooth surface Even dome shape if mole raised

19. Atypical Melanoma Moles ATYPICAL MOLES often have one or more of these features: Irregular shape Uneven and/or fuzzy borders with skin Two or more shades of brown or pink ¼ inch wide or more Cauliflower or smooth surface Flat edges with “fried egg” center if mole is raised

20. Risk Factors for Skin Cancer Fair skin Light hair color Family history of skin cancer Blistering sunburn before age of 20 Atypical moles Indoor tanning Large number of normal moles

21. Controllable Risk Factors Risk FactorRisk Percentage Intermittent exposure of normally covered skin to strong sunlight High One blistering sunburn under the age of 202 times as likely Three or more blistering sunburns under the age of 205 times as likely One tanning bed session under the age of 30Almost 2 times as likely Ten or more tanning bed sessions in one year under the age of 30 Almost 8 times as likely

22. Warning Signs of Melanoma Any change in a mole, blemish, freckle, birthmark, or pigmented area A new mole or freckle that appears or is growing rapidly, especially if you don't have many moles, or the new mole or freckle looks different from those you do have

23. Warning Signs of Melanoma A change in surface texture or in the way a mole feels to the touch A new "freckle" that is dark, dry, or scaly A pigmented area or splotch that is new or that you don't remember seeing before

24. Warning Signs of Melanoma A new spot that is black, even if very small A mole or other spot that looks or behaves differently than those around it, even if it seems otherwise normal A mole or other spot that itches and/or bleeds Redness, other color, or shadow extending into the surrounding skin

25. Figures, rounded to the nearest ten, are from American Cancer Society Cancer Facts & Figures 2011. Does where we live matter?

26. UV Index Ultraviolet Rays (UV)—the ozone layer shields the earthy from harmful UV radiation Ozone depletion, weather & the seasons cause different amounts of UV radiation to reach the earth

29. Sun Smart  In your group, discuss and record ways to reduce your chances of skin cancer.

31. Exit Ticket List all of the warning signs which may be possible indications of melanoma. List all risk factors which increase your risk of melanoma.