1. Computer Basics

2. Computer Basics Hardware (inside & out) Input/Output
Bits/Bytes/Storage
Operating Systems & Programs
Desktop, Files & Folders
Computer Care & Safety

3. Outer Hardware Let’s see what you already know!
*On a sheet of paper, draw a diagram of the computer in front of you & label all of the parts!
Doesn’t have to be perfect!

4. Outer Hardware -- Basics
Tower case/ desktop case
CD-ROM / CD-RW / DVD
Floppy Disk Drive
Monitor
Power On/Off
USB port
Mouse
Keyboard

5. The Tower/Desktop Case
Which do we have?
CD =
Compact Disk
CD-ROM =
Compact Disk-Read Only Memory
Cannot save/burn info to this disk drive
CD-RW =
Compact Disk ReWritable
Can “read” & save information using this drive
Desktop case -- horizontal

6. Newer Models . . . DVD = DVD-R = DVD-RW = Digital Video Disk
Digital Video Disk – Recordable (format)
Can be “written to” or “burned” ONCE
DVD-RW =
Digital Video Disk – ReWritable (or random write)
Data can be added & removed many times

7. Get NEW information, or INPUT into a computer
Input Devices
Get NEW information, or INPUT into a computer
Two basic input devices
KEYBOARD
MOUSE

8. More Input Devices
Scanner
Digital Camera
Graphics Tablet

9. Display info in a way that we can see and understand
Output Devices
Most common =
Monitor
Speakers
Printers
Inkjet
Laser

10. Label the parts

11. Internal Hardware
Computers are made of many electronic components or parts. These components each have a special job and they all work together to make your computer operate. Some components are hidden inside the computer where you can't see them. Others can be seen partly from the outside.
Components: parts

12. Power It Up! 1st important component = POWER SUPPLY
takes electricity from your house and convert it into a current that works for your computer
When your computer is turned on, the power supply allows the converted electricity to travel to other components inside the computer

13. Circuits Motherboard = “mother” of all the other circuits
bottom of a desktop case or the side of a tower case
largest circuit board
holds all of the most important parts of the computer

14. On the Motherboard Expansion cards
sound card contains special circuits for operating the computer's sound
video card handles graphics that are displayed on the monitor
also expansion cards for other computer components including the drives and ports
modem is an expansion card that allows computers to talk to each other

15. MODEM
A modem plugs the computer in to a phone or cable line so that information can be transferred between computers

16. Central Processing Unit
CPU
Brain of the computer
it controls information and tells other parts what to do
CPU in a computer also determines how fast that computer can operate
CPU generates lots of heat, so there is usually a small fan nearby to cool it down

17. BIOS BIOS = Basic Input Output System
BIOS chip wakes up the computer when you turn it on and reminds it what parts it has and what they do

18. RAM & ROM RAM stands for Random Access Memory
Remembers what you tell it
Can change to remember new info
Forgets everything when computer turned off
This is why you need to SAVE your WORK!!

19. RAM & ROM cont’d ROM = Read Only Memory
good at remembering, but cannot change it's mind
holds information that is built into it
like reading a library book - lots of information is there, but you can't change it (because you never write in a library book)

20. Ports
Ports are the places on the outside of the computer case where you plug in hardware
On the inside of the case, they are connected to expansion cards
keyboard, mouse, monitor, and printer all plug into ports

21. Can you remember all of this?
Disk Drives
Disk drives read information off of storage disks
three most common disk drives are the hard drive, floppy disk drive and CD-ROM***
The hard drive, however is hidden inside the computer because the disks are not meant to be removed
Can you remember all of this?

23. Computer Code
All of the information that travels through your computer is based on two commands
The only data that a computer can understand is on and off, but the millions of combinations of those two commands given in series are what make a computer work.

24. How it works . . . Power supply provides electricity
Electricity = ON signal
Thousands of bits are found on the computer’s memory chips; each bit has an electronic “switch” or gate
ON = gate is open, electricity can go through
OFF = gate closed, no electricity can go through

26. Here’s a really long but helpful example . . .

27. Example(s)
A computer that has 64MB of RAM can handle 64,000,000 (64 million) bytes
A 15GB hard drive can hold
________________________ bytes of info
A 2GB flash drive can hold
15,000,000,000 (15 billion)
2,000,000,000 (2 billion)

28. Answers to Worksheets Bytes Worksheet:

29. Answers to Worksheets Byte Math Worksheet
Byte Math Worksheet: 1. 32KB, 2. 4KB, 3. 6KB, 4. 75KB, 5. 26KB, KB, KB, KB, KB, KB, 11. 2MB, MB, MB, 14. 8MB, MB, MB, MB, MB, 19. 6MB, MB GB, 22. 7GB, GB, 24. 4GB, GB