1. SOUTHERN AND EASTERN ASIA
Historical Understandings

2. SS7H3 – a. Describe how nationalism led to independence in India and Vietnam.
Nationalism: belief that people should be loyal to those with whom they share common history, customs, origins, and sometimes language or religion.

3. India Controlled by British until 1947
SS7H3 – a. Describe how nationalism led to independence in India and Vietnam.
India
Controlled by British until 1947
Indians were tired of being 2nd class citizens in their own homeland
After World War II India was divided into 3 countries
Hindu India
East Pakistan
West Pakistan

4. Vietnam French maintained control until 1954
SS7H3 – a. Describe how nationalism led to independence in India and Vietnam.
Vietnam
French maintained control until 1954
Surrendered control to Ho Chi Minh
Temporarily divided into North (communist) and South (led by U.S.)
Did not become fully independent until 1975 when U.S. left

5. SS7H3 – a. Describe how nationalism led to independence in India and Vietnam.

6. Mohandas Gandhi Born 1869 Indian political leader
SS7H3 – b. Describe the impact of Mohandas Gandhi’s belief in non-violent protest.
Mohandas Gandhi
Born 1869
Indian political leader
Believed all people deserved equality and justice
After Amritsar he led civil disobedience
Gave them moral advantage
Wore the British down
One of the most important individuals in the story of Indian nationalism

7. Reduced to rubble after war
SS7H3 – c. Explain the role of the United States in the rebuilding of Japan after World War II.
Reduced to rubble after war
General MacArthur given job of putting Japan back on its feet
Decided they would be constitutional monarchy
Wrote constitution called The MacArthur Constitution
Created 2-house parliament called Diet
Bill of Rights guaranteeing basic freedoms
Pledged to pay reparations (damages)

8. SS7H3 – d. Describe the impact of communism in China in terms of Mao Zedong, the Great Leap Forward, the Cultural Revolution, and Tiananmen Square.
Mao Zedong: led communist (Red Army) in civil war against the Nationalist forces
1949 Red Army wins and People’s Republic of China is formed
Great Leap Forward
Zedong wanted to organize farms called collectives
Farmers had little incentive to work hard
Failed due to famine and was abandoned in 1960

9. Cultural Revolution Zedong asked Chinese to fight class system
SS7H3 – d. Describe the impact of communism in China in terms of Mao Zedong, the Great Leap Forward, the Cultural Revolution, and Tiananmen Square.
Cultural Revolution
Zedong asked Chinese to fight class system
Red Guards were created to remove anyone who prevented China from being classless
Mao wanted China to be farmers and workers, who would all be equal
Anyone against the revolution was put in prison and some were killed

10. Tiananmen Square 1989 students gathered to protest communism
SS7H3 – d. Describe the impact of communism in China in terms of Mao Zedong, the Great Leap Forward, the Cultural Revolution, and Tiananmen Square.
Tiananmen Square
1989 students gathered to protest communism
Students were fired upon and demonstration was broken up

11. Korea Yalta Agreement Following World War II
SS7H3 – e. Explain the reasons for foreign involvement in Korea and Vietnam in terms of containment of Communism.
Korea
Yalta Agreement
U.S., Soviet Union, Great Britain agree restore order with free elections
Following World War II
Soviet Union occupied North Korea (wanted communism)
United States occupied South Korea (wanted democracy)
U.S. felt Soviet Union had gone back on their word
Led to Cold War
U.S. worried about Domino Theory

12. SS7H3 – e. Explain the reasons for foreign involvement in Korea and Vietnam in terms of containment of Communism.
Vietnam
Domino Theory led U.S. to Vietnam as well to keep Ho Chi Minh from creating communist state
U.S. involvement was supposed to be short but lasted until 1975