1. Should We Drill in ANWR?

2. What is ANWR?

3. ► ► Stands for: Arctic National Wildlife Refuge ► ► Primary purpose of ANWR ► ► Oil drilling in ANWR was never intended   Points of contention and debate

4. Drilling in ANWR – Effect on Land Combustion of Hydrocarbons produces CO2 Carbon = acidifying agent Soil acidification → leaching of nutrients → Lower productivity of soil

5. ► Oil Spills ► Effect: Petroleum forms a thin layer of wall around crop seed – prevents oxidation ► Leads to death of the seed Drilling in ANWR – Effect on Land

6. Drilling in ANWR – Effect on Land & Wildlife ► Vegetation concentrated in coastal plain ► Construction of roads ► Wildlife forced to migrate ► Worrying effects on species’ survival

7. ► Effects various species from Elk to Sea Ducks ► People mostly aware of harmful effects on Land mammals ► but also harmful effects on Marine life Drilling in ANWR – Effect on Wildlife

8. Proponents’ arguments for drilling ► Reduces price of oil ► Energy independence

9. Are We Running Out of Oil?

10. Will Drilling Help?

11. Conclusion ► Cost-Benefit Analysis ► Cost:  Ecosystem  Wildlife ► Benefit:  Possibility of energy independence (Uncertain)  Possibility of reduction in oil price (Uncertain)