1. End Show Slide 1 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Prentice Hall Biology 147.31.181.161:7804

2. End Show Slide 2 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 10-2 Cell Division

3. End Show Slide 3 of 38 Collins I 3 lines What are chromosomes? DNA? Why is DNA important? Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

4. End Show Slide 4 of 38 Agenda 1/8—Day 2 Get out your lab books Turn in your take home test Mitosis Activity Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

5. End Show Slide 5 of 38 Mitosis Activity Enter the title in your table of contents AND on the next blank page Write your lab partners name and the date Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

6. End Show Slide 6 of 38 Background Read the first three paragraphs about mitosis and write a summary of mitosis from this reading Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

7. End Show Slide 7 of 38 Purpose To demonstrate mitosis using the simulation beads To identify the stages of mitosis To identify the structures relevant in each stage To create a presentation of the process of mitosis Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

8. End Show Slide 8 of 38 1/8—Day 2 Re-visit the mitosis simulation Each group will have 10 minutes to review mitosis as a group Each member should be able to simulate mitosis using the beads and discuss what is happening to another group We will switch groups 2 times. HW-Vocabulary flash cards Due Tuesday HW- Mitosis simulation presentation due Tuesday Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

9. End Show Slide 9 of 38 Drawings Draw and label each stage (PMAT) Label the following –Chromosome –Sister chromatid pair –Sister chromatid –Centriole –Centromere –spindle Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

10. End Show Slide 10 of 38 Presentation requirements Power point, prezi, story-time, any digital video tool you can use Must be your own pictures taken from your own phone ALL structures must be labeled in each slide Bulleted list of steps taking place in each Ability for EVERY member of the group to discuss any of the stages in depth Extra credit if you include a video tutorial of mitosis using your beads at the end of your presentation Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

11. End Show Slide 11 of 38 Vocabulary Terms To Know Mitosis Cytokinesis Chromosomes DNA Sister Chromatids Centromere Gene Cell cycle Interphase Spindle fiber G1 phase S phase G2 phase M phase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cell plate Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

12. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 12 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall In eukaryotes, cell division occurs in two major stages. 1.Mitosis The first stage, division of the cell nucleus 2. Cytokinesis The second stage division of the cell cytoplasm Cell Division

13. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 13 of 38 Chromosomes Genetic information is passed from one generation to the next on chromosomes. Before cell division, each chromosome is duplicated, or copied.

14. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 14 of 38 Chromosomes Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

15. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 15 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chromosomes Each chromosome consists of two identical “sister” chromatids. Each pair of chromatids is attached at an area called the centromere. Sister chromatids Centromere

16. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 16 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chromosomes When the cell divides, the chromatids separate. Each new cell gets one chromatid.

17. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 17 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Cell Cycle Cell Cycle The cell cycle is the series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide. Interphase is the period of growth that occurs between cell divisions.

18. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 18 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Cell Cycle During the cell cycle: a cell grows prepares for division divides to form two daughter cells, each of which begins the cycle again

19. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 19 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Cell Cycle The cell cycle consists of four phases: G 1 (First Gap Phase) S Phase G 2 (Second Gap Phase) M Phase

20. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 20 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Events of the Cell Cycle During G 1, the cell increases in size synthesizes new proteins and organelles

21. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 21 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Events of the Cell Cycle During the S phase, chromosomes are replicated DNA synthesis takes place Once a cell enters the S phase, it usually completes the rest of the cell cycle.

22. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 22 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Events of the Cell Cycle The G 2 Phase (Second Gap Phase) organelles and molecules required for cell division are produced Once G 2 is complete, the cell is ready to start the M phase—Mitosis

23. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 23 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cell Cycle Events of the Cell Cycle

24. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 24 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Mitosis Biologists divide the events of mitosis into four phases: (PMAT) Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

25. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 25 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Mitosis

26. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 26 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Section 10-2 Prophase Spindle forming Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Centromere Click to Continue Mitosis Prophase

27. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 27 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Mitosis Prophase Prophase is the first and longest phase of mitosis. The centrioles separate and take up positions on opposite sides of the nucleus. Spindle forming Centromere Chromosomes (paired chromatids)

28. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 28 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Mitosis The centrioles lie in a region called the centrosome. The centrosome helps to organize the spindle, a fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes. Spindle forming Centromere Chromosomes (paired chromatids)

29. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 29 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Mitosis Chromatin condenses into chromosomes. The centrioles separate and a spindle begins to form. The nuclear envelope breaks down. Spindle forming Centromere Chromosomes (paired chromatids)

30. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 30 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Centriole Spindle Mitosis Click to Continue Metaphase

31. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 31 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Mitosis Metaphase The second phase of mitosis is metaphase. The chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. Microtubules connect the centromere of each chromosome to the poles of the spindle. Centriole Spindle

32. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 32 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Individual chromosomes Anaphase Mitosis Anaphase

33. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 33 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Mitosis 3. Anaphase Anaphase is the third phase of mitosis. The sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes. The chromosomes continue to move until they have separated into two groups. Individual chromosomes

34. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 34 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Nuclear envelope reforming Telophase Mitosis Telophase

35. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 35 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Mitosis Telophase Telophase is the fourth and final phase of mitosis. Chromosomes gather at opposite ends of the cell and lose their distinct shape.

36. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 36 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Mitosis A new nuclear envelope forms around each cluster of chromosomes.

37. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 37 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cytokinesis

38. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 38 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cytokinesis During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm pinches in half. Each daughter cell has an identical set of duplicate chromosomes

39. End Show 10-2 Cell Division Slide 39 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cytokinesis in Plants In plants, a structure known as the cell plate forms midway between the divided nuclei. Cell wall Cell plate

40. End Show - or - Continue to: Click to Launch: Slide 40 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall (must have QuickTake software installed on the computer you are using for this presentation) - or - 10-2

41. End Show Slide 41 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 10-2 The series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide is called a.the cell cycle. b.mitosis. c.interphase. d.cytokinesis.

42. End Show Slide 42 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 10-2 The phase of mitosis during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell is a.prophase. b.metaphase. c.anaphase. d.telophase.

43. End Show Slide 43 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 10-2 Cytokinesis usually occurs a.at the same time as telophase. b.after telophase. c.during interphase. d.during anaphase

44. End Show Slide 44 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 10-2 DNA replication takes place during the a.S phase of the cell cycle. b.G 1 phase of the cell cycle. c.G 2 phase of the cell cycle. d.M phase of the cell cycle.

45. End Show Slide 45 of 38 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 10-2 During mitosis, “sister” chromatids separate from one another during a.telophase. b.interphase. c.anaphase. d.metaphase.

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