1. Literal vs. Figurative Language
How do I differentiate between literal and figurative language?

2. Know
Understand Do
Hyperbole
Personification
Simile
Metaphor
(Pun)
Authors use figurative language to make the reader see familiar things in a new way.
We all use figures of speech every day.
Figures of speech are not literally true, but are used to elaborate on a subject.
Differentiate among the types of figurative language.
Write in a variety of modes using figurative language.
Analyze the use of figurative language in poetry and prose.
Create an extended metaphor.

3. How do I differentiate between literal and figurative language?
Key Learning: Writers use figurative language to enhance the reader’s understanding. It is used in various types of writing.
Unit Essential Question: How does understanding figurative language enhance comprehension?
Concept:
Literal vs Figurative
Concept:
Similes and Metaphors
Concept:
Hyperboles
Concept:
Personification
Lesson Essential Questions:
How do I differentiate between literal and figurative language?
Lesson Essential Questions:
How do I recognize and create similes and metaphors in writing?
Lesson Essential Questions:
How do I analyze hyperboles for literal and figurative meanings?
Lesson Essential Questions:
How do I interpret the use of personification in writing?

4. Unit Vocabulary Literal Personification Figurative Personify
Simile Anthropomorphism
Metaphor
Hyperbole

5. It’s raining cats and dogs.
Activator
What does this really mean?
It’s raining cats and dogs.

6. Activator
What does this really mean?
Good luck!
Break a leg!

7. Literal vs. Figurative
Literal means straightforward or factual; the dictionary meaning of a word. (Think denotation!)
When someone says “I mean that literally.” They mean “exactly” -- just the facts!

8. Figurative meanings encourage us to use our imagination.
Literal vs. Figurative
A figurative meaning is far more interesting. It is imaginative, and conveys not just the facts, but an idea. (Think connotation!)
Figurative meanings encourage us to use our imagination.

9. Example of Figurative Language:
Literal vs. Figurative
Example of Figurative Language:
Marvin runs like a duck.

10. We know that Marvin does not run exactly like a water bird.
Literal vs. Figurative
We know that Marvin does not run exactly like a water bird.
But, it wouldn’t portray quite the same visual if we said “Marvin is awkward and he waddles when he runs.”
So, we compare Marvin to a duck to paint a mental picture.

11. Puns
Puns are also examples of figurative language. A pun is a play on words.
Examples:
The new smoking laws really burn me up!
The grammarian was never late; he was always very punctual.
The Atlanta Lightnings took the field by storm.

12. Assessment Prompt 1 Kevin ate his dinner quickly.
Use figurative language to make these sentences more colorful.
Kevin ate his dinner quickly.
Mandy likes to talk a lot.
Jennifer is not intelligent.

13. Kevin ate his dinner quickly.
Let’s Practice
Make these sentences more colorful. Use figurative language.
Kevin ate his dinner quickly.
Kevin ate like a pig.

14. Mandy likes to talk a lot. Mandy talks a mile a minute.
Let’s Practice
Make these sentences more colorful. Use figurative language.
Mandy likes to talk a lot.
Mandy talks a mile a minute.

15. Jennifer is not intelligent.
Let’s Practice
Make these sentences more colorful. Use figurative language.
Jennifer is not intelligent.
Jennifer is not the brightest crayon in the box.

16. Power Questions
1. Read the poem below and use the figurative language images to help determine the subject matter of the poem. The Ball Dances A. sun A big flaming ball of fire B. star Prances across the sky each day C. moon But perishes every night D. earth A rebirth occurs the next morning And because of it Life is possible

17. Power Questions
1. Read the poem below and use the figurative language images to help determine the subject matter of the poem. The Ball Dances A. sun A big flaming ball of fire B. star Prances across the sky each day C. moon But perishes every night D. earth A rebirth occurs the next morning And because of it Life is possible

18. Power Questions
The saying in our family was, "If Mama drops a biscuit, jump out of the way or risk losing a toe." This is another way of saying
Mama is very clumsy.
the biscuits she bakes are hard.
the biscuits are soft and chewy.
if Mama drops a biscuit, she will step on your toe.

19. Power Questions
The saying in our family was, "If Mama drops a biscuit, jump out of the way or risk losing a toe." This is another way of saying
Mama is very clumsy.
the biscuits she bakes are hard.
the biscuits are soft and chewy.
if Mama drops a biscuit, she will step on your toe.

20. Power Questions
3. The following quote is an example of what type of figurative language? "Roll down this hill—if you are so inclined."
metaphor
pun
personification
simile

21. Power Questions
3. The following quote is an example of what type of figurative language? "Roll down this hill—if you are so inclined."
metaphor
pun
personification
simile

22. Summarizer
You are writing a letter to an absent student (Dear Absent Student,)
Tell the student what we learned today about literal and figurative language.
Include what you think is important.

23. Your letter must be AT LEAST five sentences long.
Finishing Up
Skip lines.
Your letter must be AT LEAST five sentences long.
Watch spelling and punctuation.
This is a friendly letter, so use that format. 

24. More Figurative Language to Come…
Similes and Metaphors
Hyperboles
Personification
Idioms