1. How to Write a Paper Tips for the students

2. What to Write about 1. Literature 2. Translation/Interpretation 3. Culture 4. Survey

3. Literature 1) Review e.g. review the history of American/English/Australian literature 2) Book review e.g. Shakespeare, Thomas Hardy, Dickens, Hemingway, Bernard Shaw, O ’ Henry, Jack London, etc.

4. Literature (continued) 3) Comment e.g. comment on a certain character (the old man in “ Old Man and Sea ” ; Hamlet in “ Hamlet ” ; Jane Eyre in “ Jane Eyre ” ; Scarlet in “ Gone with the Wind ”, etc.) comment on a certain book (the style, the language, etc.)

5. Literature (continued) 4) Comparative study e.g. Chinese vs. English English vs. American. etc.

6. Translation 1. Theories of translation & examples e.g. Eugene Nida ’ s theory 2. Comment on translation works e.g. 1) compare different versions of the same book 2) comment on a certain version (the good points and the points to be improved)

7. Translation (continued) 3. Interpretation (theories and examples) e.g. different types of interpretation comment on some samples

8. Culture Comparative study e.g. compare Chinese culture with western culture (the similarities & differences) 1) manners (table manners, etc.) 2) relationship between family members

9. Culture (continued) 3) the way children are brought up/value system (students doing part-time jobs; getting loans from banks, etc.) 4) customs 5) educational system, etc.

10. Survey Foreign language teaching and learning in China 1) people learning foreign languages for different purposes; 2) primary school, even kindergarten; 3) experiences of success or failure in teaching and learning foreign languages 4) learning strategies.

11. How to Write 1. Requirement on the number of words (about 5000 words) 2. Language used (English) 3. Theory & examples (statistics for survey) 4. Structure (levels; titles & subtitles) 5. References 6. Format