1. Food and Farming
Se June Han and Lisa Kim

2. Basic Farming
Crops of Nigeria: Corn, Rice, Yams, Cocoa, Peanuts, Cassava and Sorghum
The farming uses about 70% of the country’s labor force
Farms make 80% of the food from 30% of Nigeria’s land
Diverse climate and water supports tropical crops

3. Cassava and Sorghum Cassava, a source of food with cyanide
Sorghum, a major source of grain and food for livestock

4. Peanuts and Cocoa Nigeria produces 11% of the world’s peanuts
Nigeria had potential to produce large amounts of cocoa but urbanization cut the labor force
Nigeria produces 5% of world’s cocoa when its potential is about 10%
Mostly traded to European nations

5. Yams The tuber parts of yams can grow to 2.5 meters and 70kg
Nigeria the largest producer of yams. Producing about 70~76% of the world’s yams
Weeding, planting, staking and harvesting makes the production of yams hard
Expensive but scarce labor force increased its price
New Yam Festival celebrated in August by offering yams to gods and distributing among people
Are planted with sisal rings for moisture

6. Kola Nuts (Cola)
A common tree in Africa that is bitter and contains caffeine
Were used for Coca – Cola
Some tribes give the nuts to children for protection
Some tribes pass and bite it to wish long life in marriage
Contains high amounts of toxic material

7. Pictures

8. Major Food
Puff - Puff: frying a dough mixture into circular balls dipped in sugar
Suya: Pieces of meat spiced up and baked over a grill with vegetables
Fun fun: made by drying cassava and making it into a powder. Then it is mixed into boiling water to a smooth texture

9. Yam Food Ojoj o: Water yams are cut up and fried in oil
Asaro: Yams are peeled and cubed and cooked with ground tomatoes, peppers, meat and spices
Amala: Ground and dried the yams and then boiled in water until it has a smooth structure

10. Quotes
‘“Thank you. He who brings kola brings life. But I think you ought to break it,” replied Okoye, passing back the disc.’
This shows that kola is regarded highly among the members of the tribe. It was an honor to break the kola so they are letting the other to break it to be nice.

11. Quotes
“But the year had gone mad. Rain fell as it had never fallen before. For days and nights together it poured down in violent torrents, and washed away the yam heaps….The yams put on luxurious green leaves, but every farmer knew that without sunshine the tubers would not grow.”
This shows that yams could grow in the harshest rainy seasons but the tubers under them wouldn’t grow unless there was sunshine. This points that Nigeria was perfect for yams since there was water and sunshine.

12. Question 1
Why would yams have become a more delicious luxury instead of an everyday meal?

13. Possible Answers
Urbanization cut the amount of labor force available in yam farms. The cost of the labor force rose so the farmers needed to raise the cost of the yams. Thus, yams have become a luxury instead of an everyday crop.
The worldwide economic depression has made the yam prices to go up and become a luxury.

14. Question 2
Why would the foods mostly include boiling in hot waters?

15. Possible Answer
Since the food were traditional foods from old times they were simple back then. The tribes had to make food with limited resources and boiling water with the ingredients were easiest.
Boiling the food would also get rid of many bacteria that the food had and promoted health.

16. Question 3
Why might have Nigeria failed to achieve their full potential for cocoa?

17. Possible Answers
They decided there were other crops that were more efficient and easy.
The labor force problem limited the harvest of cocoa.
Soil that isn’t fertile enough

18. Bibliography
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"DETERMINANTS OF YAM PRODUCTION AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AMONG SMALL-HOLDER FARMERS IN SOUTHEASTERN NIGERIA.." Journal of Central European Agriculture Vol 7 (2006) No June Apr <
"Yam Festival." A Multicultural Thanksgiving at FamilyCulture.com. 27 Apr <
Okorie, Rev. Dr. A. M.. "Igbo Social Life & Customs -- Chiamaka: African Language & Cuture." Chiamaka: African Culture. 27 Apr <
"The Best of Everything: The Best Part of The Song "The Lion Sleeps Tonight."." The Best of Everything. 27 Apr <