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123 Go To Section: 4 5 Article I, Section 8 Article I, Section 8 (U.S. debt clock)U.S. debt clock Chapter 11, Section 3 2222 4444 1111 5555.

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Presentation on theme: "123 Go To Section: 4 5 Article I, Section 8 Article I, Section 8 (U.S. debt clock)U.S. debt clock Chapter 11, Section 3 2222 4444 1111 5555."— Presentation transcript:

1 123 Go To Section: 4 5 Article I, Section 8 Article I, Section 8 (U.S. debt clock)U.S. debt clock Chapter 11, Section 3 2222 4444 1111 5555

2 123 Go To Section: 4 5 Strict Versus Liberal Construction Strict Constructionists Strict constructionists, led by Thomas Jefferson, argued that Congress should only be able to exercise (1) its expressed powers and (2) those implied powers absolutely necessary to carry out those expressed powers. Chapter 11, Section 1 2222 3333 4444 5555 Liberal Constructionists Liberal constructionists, led by Alexander Hamilton, favored a liberal interpretation of the Constitution, a broad interpretation of the powers given to Congress.

3 123 Go To Section: 4 5 Money Powers Chapter 11, Section 2 3333 4444 1111 1.Power to tax Direct – Income Indirect – gas, cigarettes 2.Power to borrow – government bonds 3.Commerce Power – regulate trade Cannot tax exports, favor certain ports over others, or charge vessels fees to enter states 4. Currency Power 5. Bankruptcy Power – establish laws for declaring bankruptcy 5555

4 123 Go To Section: 4 5 Federal Spending Chapter 11, Section 2 3333 4444 1111 5555

5 123 Go To Section: 4 5 Foreign Policy and War Powers 1.Declare War 2.Raise and Support an army 3.Provide and maintain a navy 4.Senate must approve of all treaties

6 123 Go To Section: 4 5 Other Expressed Powers 1.Naturalization - the process by which citizens of one country become citizens of another 2.The Postal Power – to establish and maintain the post office 3.Copyrights and Patents A copyright is the exclusive right of an author to reproduce, publish, and sell his or her creative work. Life of the author + 50 years. A patent grants a person the sole right to manufacture, use, or sell “any new and useful art, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter.” 20 year limit.

7 123 Go To Section: 4 5 More Expressed Powers Chapter 11, Section 3 2222 4444 1111 5555 4. Weights and Measures 5. Judicial Powers – Create new courts, approve judicial appointments and impeach judges 6. Territorial Powers - Congress has the power to acquire, manage, and dispose of various federal areas.

8 123 Go To Section: 4 5 Implied Powers Chapter 11, Section 4 2222 3333 1111 5555 1.Can broaden any of the expressed powers 2. The Necessary and Proper Clause gives to Congress the power: “To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper...”

9 123 Go To Section: 4 5 Non-legislative Powers Chapter 11, Section 5 3333 4444 1111 2222 1.Amendment – may propose with 2/3rds vote 2.Electoral – select president when there is no winner in the electoral college 3.Impeachment – judges and the president 4.Appointment – must approve of all presidential appointments 5.Investigatory


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