1. go Main IdeaDetailsNotemaking Nubia Location Resources Society 3100 B.C.E. -350 C.E. Southern Nile river valley in Egypt. In modern day Sudan. Irrigation, rivers, trade with sub-Saharan Africa and the Mediterranean GOLD, precious stones Egypt conquered Nubia and took control of trade and resources. Heavily influenced by Egypt and later dominated by Egyptian culture and politics. Women could be rulers.

2. go Main IdeaDetailsNotemaking Olmec Location Resources Contributions 1200-400 B.C.E. First Mesoamerican civilization. Located in Mexico, near the Yucatan peninsula. Slash and burn agriculture Tropical climate Giant head sculptures Aligned cities with the stars. San Lorenzo was the cultural center.

3. go Main IdeaDetailsNotemaking Chavin Location Resources 900-250 B.C.E. First Andean civilization in South America. Maize (corn) Llamas Mountainous terrain

4. go Main IdeaDetailsNotemaking “Cosmopolitan” Middle East Location Resources Society Technology 1700-1100 B.C.E. Mesopotamia Natural boundaries Rivers Trade Tin wood Conquest of empires led to a “cosmopolitan” (many different people living together and sharing each other’s culture) society Horse drawn chariots

5. go Main IdeaDetailsNotemaking Egypt Location Resources Politics 1700-1100 B.C.E. Northern Africa Nile river Gold cotton Pharaohs King Tut famous for having an intact tomb Queen “Hatshepsut” was a female pharaoh but presented herself as a man to the public.

6. go Main IdeaDetailsNotemaking Aegean World Location Resources Politics Contributions 2000-1100 B.C.E. Early Greece named after the Aegean Sea. Minoans on Crete and Mycenaens on the Greek mainland were the first Greek civilizations. Olives, wheat, grapes, sheep No river valleys The sea City-states Homer’s The Iliad and Odyssey were two epic poems that describe early Greek religion.

7. go Main IdeaDetailsNotemaking Assyrian Empire Location Resources Politics Contributions 911-612 B.C.E. Northern Mesopotamia Advanced metal weaponry First empire Known for fierce war tactics and mass deportation Created the first library

8. go Main IdeaDetailsNotemaking Israel Location Resources Politics Contributions 2000- 500 B.C.E. Modern day Israel (western Mesopotamia) Crossroads location made it important for trade King Solomon known for his wisdom. Built the First Temple. Diaspora (spreading of Jewish population from homeland) First monotheistic (one God) religion Hebrew bible (the Old Testament)

9. go Main IdeaDetailsNotemaking Phoenicians Location Resources Politics Contributions 1200- 500 B.C.E. Modern day Lebanon (western Mesopotamia) Timber (cedar trees) used to build ships Purple dye made from snails. Colonized the Mediterranean because of advanced ship making abilities. The phoenetic Alphabet