2. Introduction to Health Science

4. 10 Presidents

5. 10 Presidents Quiz

6. Primitive Times Illness caused by supernatural spirits and demons Tribal witch doctors performed ceremonies to drive out evil spirits Herbs and plants used as medicine

7. Ancient Egyptians Earliest people to keep health records Identified diseases Used medicine to heal disease Splinted fractures Used bloodletting – withdrawal of blood from a patient to cure or prevent illness and disease

8. Ancient Chinese First to use acupuncture therapies Treated disease with stone tools

9. Ancient Greeks Studied causes of disease Hippocrates – The “Father of Medicine” – Hippocratic Oath “Code of Ethics” Aristotle – Dissected animals

10. Ancient Romans First to organize medical care Early hospitals in homes Developed sanitation system Claudius Galen (129-199 AD): – Dissection is key to understanding body – Could only dissect animals – Used pulse as a diagnostic tool

12. Dark and Middle Ages (400 - 1400 AD) Study of medicine stopped for over 1000 years Medicine practiced in monasteries and convents

13. Dark and Middle Ages (400 - 1400 AD) Used herbal medicine

14. Plagues and Epidemics during the dark ages Bubonic Plague – Originally rodents – Fleas to people Fever Swelling of lymph nodes Red spots turn black – Started in China – Trade to Sicily "Realizing what a deadly disaster had come to them, the people quickly drove the Italians from their city. But the disease remained, and soon death was everywhere. Fathers abandoned their sick sons. Lawyers refused to come and make out wills for the dying. Friars and nuns were left to care for the sick, and monasteries and convents were soon deserted, as they were stricken, too. Bodies were left in empty houses, and there was no one to give them a Christian burial."

15. Even today the plague is still remembered... – “Ring around the rosies, – Pocket full of posies, – Ashes, Ashes, we all fall down!”

16. The Renaissance (1400 - 1650 AD) Rebirth of Science – Medical schools – Study of the body by dissection

17. Leonardo da Vinci – Studied and recorded the anatomy of the body The Renaissance (1400 - 1650 AD)

18. The invention of the Printing Press made books available to study. Monks copying books in a Monastery prior to the Renaissance

20. 16th and 17th Century William Harvey – Pumping heart and circulation

21. 16th and 17th Century Anton van Leeuwenhoek – Invented the microscope

22. 18th Century Benjamin Franklin – Invented bifocals because he had trouble seeing – Electricity – Many more inventions

23. 18th Century Edward Jenner – Vaccination for smallpox

25. 19th Century Ignas Semmelweiss – Cause of childhood fever – Instituted hand washing – Died from a cut he received during an autopsy

26. 19th Century Rene Laennec – Invented the stethoscope

27. 19th Century Florence Nightingale – First school of nursing – Started during the Crimean War – Made nursing an honorable profession

28. 19th Century Clara Barton – Established the American Red Cross

30. 19th Century Louis Pasteur – Microorganisms cause disease

31. 19th Century Joseph Lister – The first doctor to use antiseptic during an operation to prevent infection

32. 19th Century Robert Koch – The “Father of Microbiology” – branch of science that deals with microorganisms

33. 19th Century Wilhelm Roentgen – Discovered x-rays

35. 20th Century Sigmund Freud – His studies were the basis of psychology and psychiatry

36. 20th Century Alexander Fleming – Discovered Penicillin certain collection of antibiotics that eliminate infection causing bacteria

37. 20th Century Jonas Salk – Discovered a “killed” polio virus vaccine highly contagious viral infection that can lead to paralysis, breathing problems, or even death

38. 20 th Century Albert Sabin – Used a “live” polio vaccine

40. 21 st Century New approaches to medical care are being discovered every year People are taught more about wellness, and learn more about health care

41. The Medical Profession helps those you love!