1. Ancient Egypt

2. Egypt https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KdtgX9ORiW4
Became an important civilization because of the Nile River
Egypt Natural barriers protect them from invasions.
Example
Dessert = west and east
Red sea = east
Cataracts = south
Mediterranean sea = north

3. Beginnings and settlement
From around 5000 to 4000 BC, settlers of the Nile valley formed small communities devoted to farming, pottery and working with copper, and raising livestock.
By 3000 BC, nomes or cities where artisans and traders lived had formed.
Nomes built their own religious temples to worship their gods (polytheistic)
Rules by dynasties led by Pharaohs.
Pharaoh the supreme ruler chosen by the gods to lead his people They believed pharaoh = god. (Theocracy)
Dynasty – is a succession, or series, or ruler belonging to the same family.
Believe in the afterlife.

4. The Old Kingdom: 2800 to 2250 BC
Known for its territorial expansion which means that Egypt took control of new territories.
Pharaohs order the building of pyramids
Pharaoh Khufu – known for being a tyrant(imposed his will) and the building of the Great Pyramid of Giza
Pharaoh Khafre – order the construction of the Great Sphinx at Giza

5. The Middle Kingdom 2050-1750 BC The New Kingdom 1550 BC – 1077 BC
Achievements:
Knew how to add and subtract
Observed the heavens and created calendars for farming and rituals.
The New Kingdom 1550 BC – 1077 BC
Egypt expanded its empire and acquired many riches, which made the kingdom prosperous again.
The number of slaves increase.

6. Egyptian writing
Consisted of symbols that showed, different things that Egyptians found around them.
Only members of the Egyptian nobility could become scribes, or people who wrote and copied texts.
The most famous Egyptian writing was the Hieroglyphics
Used in temples, tombs and other religious buildings.

7. Write a short message in Hieroglyphics

8. Tutankhamen
Became pharaoh when he was nine years old. During the year 1350 B.C.
King Tut died when he was only nineteen years old. No one really knows if he died from an accident, illness, or his enemies.
His burial chamber was found by Britain's
Howard Carter in 1922.
It is the single most important tomb discovery because it was found intact.