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Guiding Questions How does your body keep invading pathogens out? How does your body fight off pathogens that have invaded? What does it mean to be ‘immune’

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Presentation on theme: "Guiding Questions How does your body keep invading pathogens out? How does your body fight off pathogens that have invaded? What does it mean to be ‘immune’"— Presentation transcript:

1 Guiding Questions How does your body keep invading pathogens out? How does your body fight off pathogens that have invaded? What does it mean to be ‘immune’ to a pathogen? What can you do to prevent from contracting a pathogen (from getting sick)? What is the relationship between cold weather and becoming sick?

2 Objective 5 – Your immune system transmission hypothalamus T-cells B-cells host antibodies pathogen white blood cells leukocytes immune fecal antigen http://www.iflscience.c om/health-and- medicine/bubonic- plague-outbreak- spreads-madagascar

3 Your defenses against disease or pathogens What are your body’s 3 lines of defense against invaders? What are your body’s 3 lines of defense against invaders? Describe the parts of the first 2 defenses. Describe the parts of the first 2 defenses. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IWMJIM zsEMghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IWMJIM zsEMg (lines of defense) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IWMJIM zsEMg

4 Immune system cells Made of white blood cells (WBC’s) Also called leukocytes WBC‘s are made in your bone marrow Antigen = pathogen

5 Immune system: Macrophages Macrophages are white blood cells that patrol your system When they detect pathogens they ingest (eat) them http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5DpNtMMuYUA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnlULOjUhSQ&feat ure=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnlULOjUhSQ&feat ure=related (real) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnlULOjUhSQ&feat ure=related

6 A call for help When the macrophages are overrun the macrophages call for the Helper T-cells Helper t-cells are like the commanders – they do not fight but they call for the B-cells

7 B-cells Produce a specific antibody (target) for one specific of antigen (pathogen) and makes this antigen a target. The antibodies either –kill the pathogens –or make them a target for macrophages or Killer-T cells

8 Killer and suppressor t-cells The Helper T-cells also call in the Killer t-cells. The killer T-cells find the antigens that were marked by the B-cells and destroy them. Suppressor t-cells give your immune system the all clear sign and close down the Killer T’s

9 Memory t-cells (green) WBCs that record how to identify pathogens. This will allow your immune system to act quickly if they see the same microbe or virus again.

10 Research and Videos A study conducted by Dr. Davidson at the University of Wisconsin has demonstrated that negative emotions can lead to a weaker immune system (Goode, 2003) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kskFjm1pKEs&feature= relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kskFjm1pKEs&feature= related (awesome!!) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kskFjm1pKEs&feature= related

11 Summary Macrophages patrol and ingest antigens (pathogens) When overrun the macrophages call the Helper T- cells The helper T-cells call in the B-cells The B-cells make antibodies to shoot at the antigens: antibodies kill or mark the antigens The Helper T-cells call in the Killer T-cells if the B- cells need help Marked antigens are destroyed by Killer T-cells or macrophages When the pathogen is contained, the suppressor cells stand down the Killer T-cells The memory T-cells remember the specific antigen

12 Resources Goode, Erica. "Power of Positive Thinking May Have a Health Benefit, Study Says." Power of Positive Thinking May Have a Health Benefit, Study Says. New York Times, 3 Sept. 2003. Web. 10 Nov. 2012.. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=au7EV4Rdoh4 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tr2UL_vESawhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tr2UL_vESaw (longer) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tr2UL_vESaw http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/immune.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zQGOcOUBi6s http://www.healthaliciousness.com/blog/How-Your-Immune-System-Works-A- Cartoon-Story.php http://www.healthaliciousness.com/blog/How-Your-Immune-System-Works-A- Cartoon-Story.php http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/whoami/findoutmore/yourbody/whatdoesyourim munesystemdo/howdoesyourimmunesystemwork.aspx http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/whoami/findoutmore/yourbody/whatdoesyourim munesystemdo/howdoesyourimmunesystemwork.aspx http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gcSm38tu2zM http://www.pingofhealth.com/2012/01/how-ganoderma-modulates-our-immune.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lrYlZJiuf18&NR=1&feature=fvwp (3D animation) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lrYlZJiuf18&NR=1&feature=fvwp (3D animation) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lrYlZJiuf18&NR=1&feature=fvwp

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