1. Study Guide Companion ALLITERATION  Definition/Explanation:  Alliteration is the repetition of initial consonant sounds in nearby words.  There should be at least two repetitions in a row to clearly capture alliteration.  Examples:  Dad seems down in the dumps.  Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.  Vivian and Vance played volleyball in Venice.   Alliteration Activities:  As a group, create two unique examples of alliteration and add it onto your study guide.  Carefully read pages 21, 25 and 31 in Out of the Dust. On each page is an example of alliteration. Add the examples to your study guide. HYPERBOLE  Definition/Explanation:  A hyperbole is an extreme exaggeration. It is meant to add emphasis to what is being expressed.  Examples:  When I saw her, I knew she was the most beautiful girl in the entire world.  I would have walked across the desert with no shoes on my feet just to see her eyes one more time.  I will die if she ever breaks up with me.  Hyperbole Activities:  As a group, create at least two unique examples of hyperbole and put onto your study guide.  Carefully read pages 3 and 4 in Out of the Dust. On each page is an example of hyperbole. Add the examples to your study guide.

2. IMAGERY  Definition/Explanation:  Imagery means to use figurative language to represent objects, actions and ideas in such a way that it appeals to our physical senses (seeing, feeling, smelling, tasting, hearing)  Examples:  It was dark and dim in the forest.  The words “dark” and “dim” are visual images.  The children were screaming and shouting in the fields.  “Screaming” and “shouting” appeal to our sense of hearing or auditory sense.  He whiffed the aroma of brewed coffee.  “whiff” and “aroma” evoke our sense of smell or olfactory sense.  The girl ran her hands on a soft satin fabric.  The idea of “soft” in this example appeals to our sense of touch or tactile sense.  The fresh and juicy orange are very cold and sweet.  “juicy” and “sweet” when associated with oranges have an effect on our sense of taste or gustatory sense.  Imagery Activities:  As a group, create a unique sentence or sentences that contain examples of imagery that appeals to at least 3 of the 5 senses.  Carefully read the last stanza on page 31 and the first stanza on page 32 in Out of the Dust. On your study guide, note the imagery in these stanzas.  Definition/Explanation:  An idiom is a common expression unique to a language that is understood figuratively, as it makes no literal sense.  Examples:  “a piece of cake” – something was easy  “a slap on the wrist” - the punishment was not bad  “feeling under the weather” - not feeling well.  “Don’t cry over spilled milk.” – Something has already happened. Get over it. Move on.  Idiom Activities:  As a group, come up two examples of idioms that are common today and add it onto your study guide.  Carefully read page 6 in Out of the Dust. On this page is an example of an idiom. Add the examples to your study guide. IDIOM

3. METAPHOR  Definition/Explanation:  A metaphor is a direct comparison of two unlike things in which one is said to be something else.  Metaphors do NOT use “like” or “as” to make the comparisons.  Examples:  You are an animal.  A piece of chocolate cake is a slice of happiness.  The motionless pond was a sparkling reflection of nature.   Metaphor Activities:  As a group, create two unique examples of metaphors and add it onto your study guide.  Carefully read pages 193 and 61 in Out of the Dust. On each page is an example of a metaphor. Add the examples to your study guide notes. ONOMATOPOEIA  Definition/Explanation:  Onomatopoeia is the use of a word or phrase that imitates the sound of something.  Onomatopoeia words capture the sound they imitate.  Examples:  The snake slithered through the grass while hissing.  The toast flew out of the toaster with a loud pop.  The buzzing bee landed on the flower.  The bacon sizzled in the pan.  Bam! Boom! Zap!   Onomatopoeia Activities:  As a group, create two unique examples of onomatopoeia and add it onto your study guide.  Carefully read pages 13, 17, and 18 in Out of the Dust. On each page is an example of onomatopoeia. Add these examples onto your study guide.

4. PERSONIFICATION SIMILE  Definition/Explanation:  Personification is giving human characteristics (thoughts, actions, emotions) to something that is not human.  Examples:  The petals wept with the morning dew.  The clouds raced across the sky toward the horizon.  The screaming train cried out into the silent night.   Personification Activities:  As a group, create two unique examples of a personification and add it onto your study guide.  Carefully read pages 4, 33, and the last stanza on page 144 in Out of the Dust. On each page is an example of and add these examples onto your study guide.  Definition/Explanation:  A simile makes a comparison between two unlike things using the words “like” or “as.”  Examples:  Her hair is like golden thread.  My love is like a red rose.  The dog was as fluffy as a wooly sheep.  The new school is as big as a hospital.   Simile Activities:  As a group, create two unique examples of a simile and add it onto your study guide.  Carefully read pages 26, 29, and 145 in Out of the Dust. On each page is an example of simile. Add these examples onto your study guide.

5. SYMBOLISM STUDY!  Definition/Explanation:  Symbolism is a device in literature where an author uses an object or word to represent an abstract idea.  Examples:  A heart often symbolizes love (abstract idea).  A book may symbolize education or learning because of the information within it.  The season of Spring may symbolize a new beginning because of the new, green leaves on plants.  Imagery Activities:  As a group, draw at least two common symbols on your figurative language study guide and indicate the abstract idea each represents.  Think about what we have read so far in Out of the Dust. For what might the piano be a symbol? What abstract idea might this concrete noun (piano) stand for?  Get to know figurative language!  Your 1 st test will be an open- note exam, so make sure you have EVERYTHING you need to do your best.