1. Enzyme Activity

2. ______________________ are broken and made between one or more substances to create new substances. In the process energy is absorbed or released. Chemical Reaction: Chemical bonds

3. Chemical Equation: shows the reactants (_____ side) and products (______ side) Ex.A + B  C + D left right

4. Activation energy: the amount of energy needed to _________ a chemical reaction Energy Reaction Progress start Activation Energy

5. Catalyst: substance that reduces the ______________ of a chemical reaction. Enzyme: protein catalyst that __________ the rate of a chemical reaction. activation energy increases

6. Energy Reaction Progress New Activation Energy Green Red Green: Uncatalyzed Red: Catalyzed

7. Substrate: specific substance that binds to enzyme Active site: place on enzyme where substrate attaches. ENZYME

8. Steps for a catalyzed reaction: (1) enzyme + substrates  (2) enzyme-substrate complex  (3) enzyme + products ENZYME Active site

9. Theories on how enzymes work: “Induced fit”: substrates are “forced” into active site. This strains the bonds in the molecule, causing them to be more easily broken and therefore speeding up the reaction.

10. “Lock and Key”: when substrates fit into active site this holds substrates near to each other so they can react. Theories on how enzymes work:

11. Factors that affect enzyme function: 1. temperature 2.pH 3.Concentration of enzyme or substrate