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Presented by David C. Nyman, P.E. Comprehensive Environmental Inc. Annual Nonpoint Source Conference April 29, 2014.

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Presentation on theme: "Presented by David C. Nyman, P.E. Comprehensive Environmental Inc. Annual Nonpoint Source Conference April 29, 2014."— Presentation transcript:

1 Presented by David C. Nyman, P.E. Comprehensive Environmental Inc. Annual Nonpoint Source Conference April 29, 2014

2 Application of Low Impact Development/ Integrated Site Design to Roadways: Goal of the design approach is to:  First…Significantly minimize or reduce runoff/pollutants  Then… treat the remaining runoff.

3 Integrated Site Design for roadways, involves  Minimizing effective impervious cover (EIC):  Directly reducing/minimizing pavement  Maximizing infiltration  Maximizing vegetative uptake  Managing pollutants close to their source

4 Roadways consist of  Paved surfaces  Graded side slopes  Drainage conveyance systems  Managed rights-of-way Develop a design approach to integrate runoff reduction and pollutant attenuation functions into these features.

5 Other Option: Pervious pavement

6

7

8 Consider roadway elements as potential BMPs:  Pavement stormwater practices  Embankment stormwater practices  Conveyance stormwater practices  Roadway landscape stormwater practices

9 deeproot.com Raleighnc.gov co.jefferson.wa.us

10 Maine Mall Parking Lot 1/17/2013 Maine Mall Road – Same Day Maine Mall Road – Construction 7/27/2009 Maine Mall Road, South Portland, ME ~16750 AADT within Project Limits Source: Maine DOT

11 Conventional PavementOpen Graded Friction Course Source: Barrett, M. and C. Shaw. 2006. Stormwater Quality Benefits of a Porous Asphalt Overlay.

12 StudyPollutant (Relative % Reduction) TSSTotal PTotal CuTotal PbTotal Zn Berbee, et.al., 199991-679290 Pagotto, et.al., 200090-357866 Barrett, et.al., 200593-799573 Barrett & Shaw, 20069135-9075 Barrett, et.al., 200694-759376 Stannard, et.al., 200888-9251-6451-5888-9181-84 Eck, et.al., 201191-9666-7856-69>90 - >9687-90 OGFC Pollutant Reduction Relative to Conventional Pavements Eck, et.al., 2011 also shows relative reduction does not deteriorate over time.

13 Adapted from Washington Department of Transportation 2/3 loamy sand and 1/3 compost

14 StudyPollutant TSSTotal PTotal CuTotal Zn WSDOT, 2005 (% Removal, conc.) 84-177967 Herrara, 2007 (% Removal, conc.) 9477-8480-8487-90 Herrara, 2007 (% Load Reduction) 98-9996-9996-10097-100 CAVS Pollutant Removal

15 Ecology Mix: crushed stone aggregate perlite dolomite gypsum Adapted from Washington Department of Transportation

16 StudyPollutant (% Removal) TSSTotal P Total N Total Cu Total Pb Total Zn Turbi- dity WSDOT, 200595848289 Wright Water Eng’rs, et.al., 2011 5767-8559-83 Geosyntec, et.al., 2010 4742 Geosyntec, et. al., 2011 80 Media Filter Drain Pollutant Removal

17  Accessible, maintainable systems based on use of natural materials  Linear conveyance systems that provide treatment; examples:  Water Quality Swales  Linear Bioretention Swales  Variations: think outside the box: VTrans Micro-Pool Filter

18 Source: Vermont Agency of Transportation

19 SourcePollutant (% Removal) TSSTotal PTotal NCu, Pb, Zn, Cd MassDEP, 2008 Data for Sand Filters 8010-5020-4050-90 Plus:Channel Protection Enhanced treatment by settling pools, vegetated filter layer Estimated Micro-Pool Pollutant Removal

20 Qualifying Impervious Area Sheet Flow Adapted from Maryland Stormwater Design Manual

21 Scale BMPs to fit the design context; example: Micro-Bioretention Cell

22 Trees as BMPs  Urban street trees (individual trees)  Wooded landscape CUFR 2007 (carsmoveus.com)

23 In Central Massachusetts, a 12-inch Red Maple…  Intercepts 1353 gallons of water per year;  Equals 3.8 inches of runoff reduction over the area of the tree’s canopy  Significant “Runoff Reduction” potential National Tree Benefit Calculator https://www.arborday.org/calculator/index.cfm

24 In addition to interception/ evaporation, trees reduce runoff by:  Uptake and transpiration from the ground  Enhancing infiltration into the ground  Roots binding soil, preventing erosion and associated accelerated runoff Source: Tree City USA Bulletin No. 55 Arbor Day Foundation

25 Use trees for runoff reduction:  Introduction, restoration, or preservation of individual canopy trees  Preservation/restoration of forested landscape  Incentives for implementation of these measures

26  City of Philadelphia, PA stormwater program:  Water Quality Volume reduction for individual trees  Existing tree preservation (canopy within 20 feet)  New tree installation (canopy within 10 feet)  Must comply with specified standards  Pennsylvania (State) Stormwater BMP Manual  Individual tree credits  Forested area credits (within 100 feet  Portland, OR  Comparable practices to Philadelphia

27

28 http://www.na.fs.fed.us/pubs/uf/watershed1/ urban_watershed_forestry_manual_part1.pdf

29 dnyman@ceiengineers.com Tree Canopy Preservation? PavementDisconnection? EnhancedConveyanceSystem? Media Filter Drain? Questions?

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