1. Bronchoesophagoscopy
Vyron Atienza

2. Definition
Examination of the tracheobronchial tree and esophagus through appropriate endoscopes

3. Esophagoscopy Flexible esophagoscopy
local anesthesia, generally well tolerated
allows for concomitant examination of the stomach and duodenum.
preferred by internists.
Rigid esophagoscopy
can also be performed under local anesthesia but it is more comfortable for the patient and examiner to conduct the procedure under general endotracheal anesthesia
Better when looking for foreign bodies, because the advancing rigid scope tends to flatten out the mucosal lining, making it easier to detect trapped foreign objects

4. PREPARING FOR ESOPHAGOSCOPY
Fast for about four hours before esophagoscopy
You should have a relative to take you home afterwards as you will be given a sedative.
Lozenges to suck which contain a local anesthetic to numb your throat.
Eliminates the gag reflex and enables the esophagoscope to be passed without discomfort.
Back of your throat may be sprayed with a local anesthetic. Any dentures are removed.

6. Tracheoscopy
visualizing the inside of the airways for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
An instrument is inserted usually through the nose or mouth, or occasionally through a tracheostomy.
Examine the patient's airways for abnormalities such as foreign bodies, bleeding, tumors, or inflammation.

7. Purposes Diagnostic Therapeutic To view abnormalities of the airway
To obtain tissue specimens of the lung in a variety of disorders.
Bleeding in the lungs, possible lung cancer, a chronic cough, sarcoidosis
Therapeutic
To remove secretions, blood, or foreign objects lodged in the airway
Laser resection of tumors or benign tracheal and bronchial strictures
Stent insertion to palliate extrinsic compression of the tracheobronchial lumen from either malignant or benign disease processes
Bronchoscopy is also employed in percutaneous tracheostomy
Tracheal intubation of patients with difficult airways is often performed using a flexible bronchoscope

8. Types Rigid bronchoscopy retrieving foreign objects
Massive hemoptysis, defined as loss of >600 mL of blood in 24 hours.
The larger lumen of the rigid bronchoscope versus the narrow lumen of the flexible bronchoscope allows for therapeutic approaches such as electrocautery to help control the bleeding

9. Types Flexible bronchoscope
longer and thinner than a rigid bronchoscope.
Flexible bronchoscopy causes less discomfort for the patient than rigid bronchoscopy and the procedure can be performed easily and safely under moderate sedation.
It is the technique of choice nowadays for most bronchoscopic procedures.