1. BDT 17 Nov 081 On Roadmapping

2. BDT 17 Nov 082 Astronet ESO/ESA ESF/Graz Canada CNES Australia ExoPTF EP-RAT ExoplForum08 Decadal Survey Roadmapping... ExoPAG ExNEPs TOPS

3. BDT 17 Nov 083 Implementation Mono (-pupil -spacecraft) / Multi (-aperture -spacecraft) After RV, transits, continue step by step approach: Mono pupil and spacecraft + coronagraph ● ELTs. Problems: - share with cosmology, RV, etc. - not possible of continuous monitoring ==> only few snapshot spectra ● 1.5 – 2 m dedicated space telescope Multi spacecraft Mono -pupil ● External occulter ● Fresnel array Multi-aperture ● Nulling interferometer ● Hypertelescope + coronagraph 1993-4: TOPS (NASA) 1996: ExNPS (NASA) 1997: ESO WG on Exoplanets Origins Roadmap (NASA) 2005: Cosmic Vision (ESA) ESA-ESO Report on Exopl. 2007: ExoPTF (NASA/NSF) 2008: JPL « Community Report » ASTRONET 2009: EPRAT (ESA) EXOPAG (NASA) Decadal Survey (US Acad Sci)... ad vitam aeternam ? 51 Peg HD 209458 transit CoRoT launch -->HARPS

4. BDT 17 Nov 084 Mono (-pupil -spacecraft) / Multi (-aperture -spacecraft) After RV, transits, continue step by step approach: 1 st step: Mono pupil and spacecraft + coronagraph ● ELTs. Problems: - share with cosmology, RV, etc. - not possible of continuous monitoring ==> only few snapshot spectra ● 1.5 – 2 m dedicated space telescope 2 nd step: Multi spacecraft Mono -pupil ● External occulter ● Fresnel array Multi-aperture ● Nulling interferometer ● Hypertelescope + coronagraph Action!

5. BDT 17 Nov 085 Mono (-pupil -spacecraft) / Multi (-aperture -spacecraft) After RV, transits, continue step by step approach: 1 st step: Mono pupil and spacecraft + coronagraph ● ELTs. Problems: - share with cosmology, RV, etc. - not possible of continuous monitoring ==> only few snapshot spectra ● 1.5 – 2 m dedicated space telescope 2 nd step: Multi spacecraft Mono -pupil ● External occulter ● Fresnel array Multi-aperture ● Nulling interferometer ● Hypertelescope + coronagraph 1 st detections: done Radius: 1% of planets (trans.) Stats: done (RV) « Adresses »: underway (RV) Next: Molecules!

6. BDT 17 Nov 086 Mono (-pupil -spacecraft) / Multi (-aperture -spacecraft) After RV, transits, continue step by step approach: 1 st step: Mono pupil and spacecraft + coronagraph ● ELTs. Problems: - share with cosmology, RV, etc. - not possible of continuous monitoring ==> only few snapshot spectra ● 1.5 – 2 m dedicated space telescope 2 nd step: Multi spacecraft Mono -pupil ● External occulter ● Fresnel array Multi-aperture ● Nulling interferometer ● Hypertelescope + coronagraph 1 st detections: done Radius: 1% of planets (trans.) Stats: done (RV) « Adresses »: underway (RV) Next: Molecules!

7. BDT 17 Nov 087 Implementation: a plan we can believe in Mono (-pupil -spacecraft) / Multi (-aperture -spacecraft) After RV, transits, continue step by step approach: Mono pupil + coronagraph ● ELTs. Problems: - share with cosmology, RV, etc. - not possible of continuous monitoring ==> only few snapshot spectra ● 1.5 – 2 m dedicated space telescope Multi spacecraft Mono -pupil - External occulter - Fresnel array Multi-aperture - Nulling interferometer - Hypertelescope + coronagraph

8. BDT 17 Nov 088 Towards Molecules - Implementation: a plan we can believe in Mono (-pupil -spacecraft) / Multi (-aperture -spacecraft) After RV, transits, continue step by step approach: Mono pupil + coronagraph VIS ● ELTs. Problems: - share with cosmology, RV, etc. - not possible of continuous monitoring ==> only few snapshot spectra ● 1.5 – 2 m dedicated space telescope Multi spacecraft Mono -pupil - External occulter - Fresnel array Multi-aperture - Nulling interferometer - Hypertelescope + coronagraph Precursor: SPICA

9. 9 Towards Molecules - Implementation: a plan we can believe in Mono (-pupil -spacecraft) / Multi (-aperture -spacecraft) After RV, transits, continue step by step approach: Mono pupil + coronagraph VIS ● ELTs. Problems: - share with cosmology, RV, etc. - not possible of continuous monitoring ==> only few snapshot spectra ● 1.5 – 2 m dedicated space telescope Multi spacecraft Mono -pupil - External occulter - Fresnel array Multi-aperture - Nulling interferometer - Hypertelescope + coronagraph VIS UV 2 S/C IR 4-5 S/C VIS/IR > 30 S/C Large (4+ m) monopupil corono. World-wide coordination needed

10. BDT 17 Nov 0810 About Theory ● Observation is leading theory ● It is not sufficient to « passively » take spectra of atmopheres. It is also important to decipher them, i.e. extract a planet model. Full deciphering codes still to be built

11. BDT 17 Nov 0811 Conclusion for BDT ● Rapidly technology plan for first step (« Mono »). No more hesitation ● Sketch of further steps, with no precise roadmapping nor decision yet. Just prepare generic technologies for all kind of free-flyers ● Methodology: Only a direct open debate between proposers and BDT, EPRAT can clarify scientific and instrumental issues of different approaches