1. By: Calvin Arroyo, Alicia Bell-Reid, Nicholas Manago, Levias Peterson, Jorden Takushi & Taylor Torres http://www.marsartgallery.com/images/martiancraterplaxco.jpg http://www.wired.com/images_blogs/wiredscience/2009/08/mars_victoriacrater.jpg

2. Are preserved craters most common type of crater found on Mars? Why is our science group question interesting? Our science group question is interesting because… We can significantly find information about Mars’ craters and study details about it. Such as the estimation of how many craters are on mars, and the most common craters on mars. Why is our science group question important? Our science group question is important because… We can find the most common types of crater, we could possibly find out how most of them were formed and when it was formed. If we find interesting facts about how old they were, we could estimate how old mars is. Also, the ejecta from the craters could hint that there may be water on mars. http://startswithabang.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/mars-craters.jpg

3. Group Hypothesis: All people in the group think that preserved craters are the most common on Mars. We think that they are the most common because our group tallied the number of preserved craters, modified craters, and destroyed craters in a preliminary study. The majority of the tallies in that study went to the preserved craters. http://www.esa.int/images/350-180907-2412-2467-6-co-01-MaunderCrater_L.jpg http://www.ast.smith.edu/james/a111f06/lectures/figs/mars_viking2_land.jpg

4. http://www.marswallpapers.com/wallpaper/Mars-Wallpaper-Surface/

5. Preserved Craters: Near perfect craters Raised rims Looks new Can sometimes see ejecta blanket or central peak Modified Craters: Sometimes crater ejecta is visible but looks eroded Crater may have smooth floor Middle-aged craters Partly filled by sediment Destroyed Craters: Very worn away Rims are broken Almost completely filled in by sediment Very old craters

6. A crater is a big gash imbedded in the ground. It can look like a perfect circle or a weird shape like an oval type. http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/images/full/mars/crater.jpg http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_yAlP-3Fkj3k/SvcJDufJnTI/AAAAAAAAHz4/25fESh7W_nQ/s800/Victoria+Crater+-+Mars.jpg

7. Craters can be formed by impact or erosion. A meteor slams into mars creating a very large hole in the ground http://c2.ac-images.myspacecdn.com/images02/45/l_2dfea56ca12649a985668c7615cabeb9.gif

8. http://www.marswallpapers.com/wallpaper/Mars-Wallpaper-Surface/

9. Space CraftNASA’s Mars Odyssey CameraTHEMIS Camera Image Type - Visible Images: To see details within the crater. - MOLA: To see context of an image and it’s depth Geologic Features Studied Types of craters. Geologic Regions Focused/Studied Area were craters are mostly found.

10. Sample Size60 THEMIS Images used to gather data. Categories of data to be collected and Why? Image ID #: Keep track of the specific image analyzed. Latitude/ Longitude: Keep track of the locations and their proximity. Misc. Data: To record any other interesting info not warranted by our necessary data categories but certainly important to our study. Crater Type: To see weather or not preserved craters are the most common on Mars.

11. Website list: http://themis.asu.edu/topic Data collection steps: 1. Go to the http://themis.asu.edu/topic website;http://themis.asu.edu/topic 2. Click on the “craters” 3. Click on crater thumbnails 4. Click to view in mars image data 5. Determine crater type 6. Log the image #, Lat. Lon. 7. Record any misc observations

12. http://www.godandscience.org/images/maundercratermars.jpg

13. Data Chart THEMIS Image IDLongitude (E/W)Latitude (N/S)Type of CraterMisc. Observations V31968004-19.97191.71P-D2 V330720029.82-23.45P-M3 V2774103197.191.12P-M2 V28683012291.9263.61M1 V2847900749.5426.51D1 V2820315307.4846.74D1 V2598300381.21-14.49P-M2 V26353004207.29-14.292 D2 V27741031-97.191.12P-D2 V2450300381.21-12.42M1 V27189021187.8230.94M1 V27189021184.8239.94P3 Preserved and 2 Destroyed V27086031279.9241.01P3 Preserved and Channels. V28834009246.5417.27P1 Preserved and Wind features V28683012291.9263.61M1 Modified V8683014318.3844.03D6 Destroyed V2847900749.6426.51D8 Destroyed V27021044394.54.98D1 Destroyed V0106100225.14-8.17P1 Modified and 9 Preserved V15901002-9.99337.194P10 Preserved 6 Modified 8 Destroyed

14. Chart Cont.

16. Location on Preserved Craters

17. Bar Graph

18. Discussion http://threesixty360.files.wordpress.com/2008/05/polygon-on-mars.jpg

19. Potential Errors Miscounted The Craters. Misidentifying the type of craters. Misidentified the regions the craters were in. Recording image ID Typed data wrong

20. Conclusion http://kidstechuniversity.vbi.vt.edu/mars.jpg

21. Research Question Are preserved craters most common type of crater found on Mars? The data shows that there are mostly preserved craters on mars so we could tell that mars is really not that old of a planet.

22. Conclusion Questions What did you learn from the data you collected? Refer to your science investigation question. What we learned from collecting the data is that it takes time to record your data. Most importantly is that we found more preserved craters than any other. It showed this in our data chart that our group did. What would you do differently to make your investigation better? (think about the data collected and the way you analyzed it, or the question you formed) Explain what scientific questions could branch off of this study to further scientific research about Mars? We think that we could have collected more data to make our answer more accurate. The reason for this is we only got about 60 THEMIS images. A scientific question that could branch off of this study would be, is or was there water on mars? This could prove there is or was water on mars.

23. The End