1. Standard 6.3 – Foreign Policy in the early 20 th Century

2. China and The United States Europe and Japan had carved China into Spheres of Influence Europe and Japan had carved China into Spheres of Influence Areas with special privileges Areas with special privileges Exclusive selling Exclusive selling Europeans followed own laws Europeans followed own laws The US wanted in on the action The US wanted in on the action

3. US requests the “Open Door” Open Door Policy Open Door Policy A series of diplomatic notes A series of diplomatic notes Asked for all other powers to allow equal trade opportunity within their “sphere” Asked for all other powers to allow equal trade opportunity within their “sphere” Not to help China Not to help China Led to more economic trade for US though Led to more economic trade for US though

4. Open Door helped by US relation to Great Britain Chinese nationalists tried to kick out the Europeans Chinese nationalists tried to kick out the Europeans Revolted during the “Boxer Rebellion” Revolted during the “Boxer Rebellion” Mainly fought the British Mainly fought the British The United States supported the British and helped crush the rebellion The United States supported the British and helped crush the rebellion

5. Latin America and the U.S.

6. The Platt Amendment “The Government of Cuba consents that the United States may exercise the right to intervene for the preservation of Cuban independence” “The Government of Cuba consents that the United States may exercise the right to intervene for the preservation of Cuban independence” US can control Cuba Basically with any excuse it can come up with

7. Guantanamo Bay “To enable the United States to maintain the independence of Cuba, and to protect the people thereof, as well as for its own defense, the Government of Cuba will sell or lease to the United States lands necessary for coaling or naval stations…”

8. The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine

9. Roosevelt Corollary The United States is a policeman in Western Hemisphere Keep Europeans from intervening or collecting debts in Latin America US collects debts and sends it back Doesn’t really help the Latin Americans Think about Social Darwinism

10. How did Teddy enforce his Corollary? “The Big Stick Policy” “Speak softly and carry a big stick." “intelligent forethought and of decisive action” “The Stick” The Great White Fleet Sent warships around on “diplomatic missions”

11. The Panama Canal

12. Panama Canal Imperialism at work TR wanted to a path between N. and S. America Tried to buy land from Columbia They refused U.S. supported a revolution by the Panamanians in that part of Columbia TR sent Gunboats to watch from the harbor

13. The Panamanian Revolution… The Panamanians quickly secured independence As a thank you they leased the land TR wanted from Columbia to the U.S. Columbia resented the U.S. Eventually the Panamanians did too The rest of Latin America afraid of what the US might do to them…

14. Foreign Diplomacy after Roosevelt Dollar Diplomacy Roosevelt succeeded by William Taft Promised US intervention in Latin America to protect investments Increased investments and control in these countries “Moral” Diplomacy Taft succeeded by Wilson Intervene in Mexico to ‘teach the Mexicans to elect good men’