1. The Urinary System 泌尿系统

2. Composition Ureter 输尿管－conduct urine from kidneys to bladder
Kidney 肾－form urine
Ureter 输尿管－conduct urine from kidneys to bladder
Bladder 膀胱－receives and stores urine
Urethra 尿道－conducts urine from bladder to exterior of body
Ureter
Bladder
Urethra

3. Kidney 肾 General features organs Two extremities Two borders
Bean shaped, reddish-brown
organs
Superior extremity
Two extremities
Medial border
Lateral border
Two borders
Inferior extremity

4. Kidney 肾 Renal hilum 肾门－a vertical slit on the medial border of kidney
Renal pedicle肾蒂
the structures which enter and leave the renal hilum, including the renal vein, renal artery, renal pelvis, lymphatic vessels and nerves
Renal hilum
Renal pedicle

5. Kidney 肾
Renal sinus 肾窦
The renal hilum extends into a large cavity within the kidney
Occupied by the renal vessels, minor renal calices肾小盏, major renal calices肾大盏, renal pelvis肾盂 and some adipose tissue脂肪组织
Renal sinus

6. Renal structure肾的结构 Renal cortex 肾皮质 Renal medulla 肾髓质
Renal columns 肾柱
Renal medulla 肾髓质
Renal pyramids 肾锥体
Renal papilla 肾乳头
Minor renal calices 肾小盏
Major renal calices 肾大盏
Renal pelvis 肾盂

7. Coverings of kidney肾的被膜
Fibrous capsule 纤维囊
Fatty renal capsule 脂肪囊
Renal fascia 肾筋膜
Fibrous capsule
Renal fascia
Fatty renal capsule
Fibrous capsule

8. Position of Kidney肾的位置
Lie behind the peritoneum腹膜后
on either side of the vertebral column脊柱的两侧
Left kidney lies at the level from the lower border of T11 to L2
Right kidney lies slightly lower than the left kidney, at the level from the upper border of T12 to L3

9. Renal region肾区
the area between 12th rib and the lateral margin of erector spinae竖脊肌

10. Position of Kidney

11. Ureters 输尿管 Muscular tube, about 25cm long Three parts
Abdominal part腹段
Pelvic part盆段
Intramural part壁内段
Abdominal part
Abdominal part
Intramural part

12. Bladder 膀胱 General features pyramidal in shape when empty Apex尖
Body of bladder
General features
pyramidal in shape when
empty
Apex尖
Fundus底
Body of bladder体
Neck颈
Fundus of bladder
Apex of bladder
Neck of bladder

13. Interior of bladder内部结构
Trigone of bladder
膀胱三角
Trigone of bladder

14. Location of bladder膀胱的位置
lies in the lesser pelvis小骨盆, behind the pubic symphysis耻骨联合
in front of seminal vesicle, ampulla ductus deferentis输精管壶腹 and rectum直肠 in the male
in front of uterus子宫 and vagina阴道 in the female.

15. Urethra 尿道 Female urethra
Relatively short (about 5cm long), wide and straight