1. Waves and Light

3. Wavelength vs Frequency C=L (speed = wavelength x frequency) Speed of light is always 299792458 m/s or 300000000m/s Predict Highest to lowest frequency between wavelengths of 100m,.01m,.000001m Freq Rank from Highest Lowest Prediction100m?->.01m?->.000001m? Test Result (Do the calc).000001m (3x10 15 Hz).01m (3x10 11 Hz) 100m (3x10 7 Hz) ConclusionAs wavelength increases frequency….

4. Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) Travels: –As waves –through empty space and substances

5. EMR Spectrum How EMR is organized –WAVELENGTH Longest to shortest across the spectrum –X-ray, Yellow visible light, purple vis. Light, Radio waves, UV, Gamma Ray, Microwaves, Infrared

6. Telescopes All collect and focus EMR

7. Visible Light Telescopes 2 types –Refracting telescopeRefracting Convex lenses focus light Galileo –Oldest, simplest –Reflecting telescope Curved mirror reflects image Like Mr. Vargas’s –Originally designed by Sir Isaac Newton

8. Gallileio vs. Newton Sketches include –Images and eyeballs –Outer case –Mirrors and lenses –Arrows indicating the light’s path

9. Radio Telescopes Curved surface _____ radio waves to focus them at a point Other types Infra red – used to recently find dense clouds in the milky way, UV and X ray

10. Observatories and Light pollution Why are observatories high on mountain tops? Observatories: buildings with one or more telescopes –On top of mountains to reduce: Light pollution Avoid some atmosphere

11. Where would be the best possible place to have a telescope? Satellite telescopes are much better because: –No atmosphere, no light pollution –Satellite images are sleven times clearer than anything from Earth

12. Spectrographs Most large telescopes have one hooked up to it. Breaks light from object into spectrum Spectrum tells us: –Chemical composition –Temperature Spectrograph Temperature Chemical Composition

13. Spectrographs (cont.) Two types: –Absorption lines: black lines on spectrum –Emission lines: lines of color on spectrum Lines = Chemical Fingerprint

14. These two spectrums are from the same chemical under different conditions. Hot = Emission Cold = Absorption

15. To remember… I know it - Need to revisit it -