1. Univ logo Altruistic Decision Maker for Controlled Collision Mitigation James E. Trollope Professor Keith J. Burnham Control Theory and Applications Centre (CTAC) Coventry University UKACC PhD Presentation Showcase

2. Univ logo   Linear (nearly!) relationship between maximum vehicle collision energy capacity and corresponding vehicle mass   Occupants within larger vehicle experience lower decelerations   European new car assessment programme (Euro NCAP) Relationship due to greater deformation lengths of larger vehicles UKACC PhD Presentation ShowcaseSlide 2 Motivation for research

3. Univ logo UKACC PhD Presentation ShowcaseSlide 3 Motivation for research   Two colliding masses   Principle of Conservation of Energy and Momentum   Distribution of collision energy based on vehicle mass ratio Issues with 4 : 1 ratio needs addressing

4. Univ logo UKACC PhD Presentation Showcase Slide 4 Reversal of the problem   Altruistic approach   Inspired by nature - ‘devotion to the good of others’ Host Partner   Care of partner vehicle and passengers – larger vehicle ‘cushions’ smaller

5. Univ logo UKACC PhD Presentation Showcase Slide 5 Controlled collision approach ( International Patent Application No: PCT/GB2014/053442 ) Dominant vehicle Partner vehicle Host (larger) vehicle Information transferred via V2V communication Known, predicted and estimated properties of partner vehicle Collision properties determined for host and partner vehicle Known, predicted and estimated properties of host vehicle n-dimensional look-up table interpolated using fuzzy logic algorithm of host vehicle Altruistic decision maker algorithm of host vehicle Active vehicle body structure algorithm of host vehicle Active vehicle body structure algorithm of partner vehicle

6. Univ logo UKACC PhD Presentation Showcase Slide 6 Altruistic decision maker algorithm   N-dimensional look-up table (NDLT)   NDLT contains pre-emptive values of desired collision energy corresponding to host and partner vehicle Collision properties determined Decision making Algorithm 1 Reverse mass ratio Decision making Algorithm 2 Refinements Decision making Algorithm 3 Occupant properties considered Step 1: NDLT initially interpolated using fuzzy logic Step 2: NDLT refined interpolation using fuzzy logic   Fuzzy logic used to interpolate between values and select/refine best estimate Collision properties determined for active vehicle body structure

7. Univ logo   Hence, controlling eigenvalue alters energy absorbed by a vehicle UKACC PhD Presentation Showcase Slide 7 Active vehicle body structure algorithm   Developed of collision model   Finite element analysis (FEA) models used as benchmark   Tuneable piecewise linear model   Bilinear model fitting technique   Controlling structure failure point   Modelled as lumped mass model   Formulation centres around generalised eigenvalue problem   Eigenvalue is proportional to buckling load Partner (small) vehicle Host (large) vehicle

8. Univ logo   Trollope’s rule   Ascertains just how much altruism could be anticipated for a vehicle to give and/or receive UKACC PhD Presentation ShowcaseSlide 8 Ethical considerations   Trollope’s altruistic index   Provides a measure of how much the energy distribution ratio can be safety adjusted   Aggressivity/vulnerability index   Further useful measure is that of an aggressiveness/vulnerability index (AVI)   The above prompts the need for new crashworthiness testing methods