1. Career Counseling: A Holistic Approach
Chapter 11: Career Counseling for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Clients
©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

2. Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Clients
There is a growing trend for more open discussion about the effects of sexual orientation on career development
More gay men and lesbian women are discussing the issues they face, especially in the workplace
One major objective is to find acceptance in the workplace by removing barriers
©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

3. General Counseling Issues
Stereotyping about the kinds of jobs gay men and lesbian women commonly hold
Homophobia
Heterosexism is considered the only viable lifestyle
Transgender individuals face special oppression in the workplace
©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

4. Discrimination of Sexual Minorities at Work
Overt Discrimination
“Hidden Discrimination”
Blackmail
Ostracism
Sexual Harassment
Exclusion or avoidance
Termination
The “lavender ceiling”
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5. Model of Homosexual Identity Formation
Stage 1 Identity Confusion
Stage 2 Identity Comparison
Stage 3 Identity Tolerance
Stage 4 Identity Acceptance
Stage 5 Identity Pride
Stage 6 Identity Synthesis
©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

6. Cultural Differences in Sexual Orientation
Research in this area is very sparse
Special needs of Asian Americans, African Americans, Latina and Latino Americans, and Native Americans
Ethnic minority gays have a double minority status
Ethnic minority gays struggle with parallel psychological processes of identity; ethnic identity and sexual identity
©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

7. Counseling LGB-Oriented Youth
Sexual identity can be a complex task
Special problems brought about by sexual minority status during adolescence
Many sexual minority adolescents who were interviewed as part of research had abandoned their friends, were rejected by their families, had failing grades and were now involved in substance abuse
Sexual minority youth are more prone to suicide and running away
©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

8. Career Counseling for LGB Clients
Six Stages
Being gay, lesbian or bisexual is not pathological
The origins of sexual orientation are not completely known
LGBT persons lead fulfilling and satisfying lives
There are a variety of LGBT lifestyles
LGBT person who attend counseling without a desire to change their sexual orientation should not be forced into change
LGBT affirmative individual and group counseling should be available
©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

9. Unique Issues and Needs
The special needs of LGBT individuals underscore the position that some groups of people do indeed share common concerns that are to be addressed in the practice of career development
In the job-search process there is another question for LGBT clients—should they reveal their orientation?
©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.