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Hepatic differentiation and transplantation of induced pluripotent stem cells 2015/08/23.

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Presentation on theme: "Hepatic differentiation and transplantation of induced pluripotent stem cells 2015/08/23."— Presentation transcript:

1 Hepatic differentiation and transplantation of induced pluripotent stem cells
2015/08/23

2 Stem cells 受精卵-桑椹胚-囊胚-婴儿-成体

3 induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells
2006 MEF MOUSE

4 iPS cell culture 2012年,加拿大卡尔加里大学,以及多伦多大学,悬浮培养诱导多能干细胞(小鼠)的方法能扩大培育,用于基础研究和应用方面

5 iPS cell differentiation
分化内中外三个胚层的细胞类型,比如神经细胞,心肌细胞,造血细胞

6 Patient-pecific iPS cells

7 Hemophilia B 人类第Ⅸ因子基因已定位Xq27.1,基因总长度为34 kb左右,由8个外显子组成。已鉴定出的突变有100种之多(部分缺失及全缺失者30种,其余为各种类型点突变)。

8 In vitro In vivo iPS cells hepatocytes hepatic differentiation
function 体外:哪些分化方案,检测什么指标 体内:用什么模型,检测什么功能

9 Fetal liver development
在腹侧内胚层毗邻正在发育的心脏的部位,一部分细胞表达白蛋白,甲状腺素转运蛋白,甲胎蛋白,是第一个分子证据表明肝脏发展。 大约在妊娠3周龄,肝脏和胰腺祖细胞在内胚层的三个独立的区域开始分化:这就是所谓的“specification”。 然后,两侧区域向中间移动形成肝内胚层。在这个阶段,抑制中胚层Wnt和纤维母细胞生长所需因子(FGF)4 是肝诱导早期所需的,维甲酸信号也有助于确定 内胚层器官的前后位置和也帮助肝脏从肠内胚层发展出来。 此外,低浓度的FGF激活MAPK途径也是肝脏编程所需。因此,肝内胚层细胞远离心脏中胚层细胞保持较低浓度FGF FGFs与 BMP-2和BMP-4相互作用,促进肝基因的表达 肝母细胞通过上皮-间质转移,进一步分化,各种复杂的调节 肝母细胞肝同时表达肝胆细胞的mark, 制瘤素OCM是在胎儿肝脏造血细胞,伴随糖皮质激素一起表达,抑制造血系的分化,促进肝脏分化,体外实验也添加OCM对肝祖细胞进行诱导分化 与此同时,一些促有丝分裂的因素,如肝细胞生长因子(HGF)和白介素16(IL-16)通过血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)受体增强肝细胞增殖 Behbahan, I. S., Y. Duan, et al. (2011). Stem Cell Rev

10 Human Embryonic Stem Cells Differentiate Toward Hepatocytes

11 Differentiation of iPSCs Toward Hepatocytes

12 iPS cells hepatocytes Si-Tayeb, K., F. K. Noto, et al. (2010). Hepatology

13 Differentiation of hepatocytes from human iPS cells
SOX17和foxA2内胚层marker AFP:甲胎蛋白 ALB:白蛋白

14 Integration of hiPS cell-derived hepatocytes into the mouse hepatic parenchyma
7 days 3x105 cells Albumin right lateral liver lobe 白蛋白是个分泌蛋白,它可以被周围的鼠肝细胞摄取,那么为了确定这是人细胞分泌的白蛋白,显微切割白蛋白阳性细胞,进行PCR,确实能扩增出人的白蛋白基因。

15 Efficient hepatic differentiation of human iPS cells
Song, Z., J. Cai, et al. (2009). Cell Res

16 Efficient generation of hepatocyte-like cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells
80% 50-60% 3 d 60% 60% endoderm marker SOX17,80% endoderm marker forkhead box A2 (FOXA2)50-60% hepatic cell markers alpha fetoprotein (AFP), ALB (albumin) 60% 没有做体内实验 7 d

17 Differentiation of hES toward a hepatocyte phenotype
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Day -2 Day 0 Day 3 Day 11 Day 14 EBs Activin A bFGF HGF DMSO DEX +ASGPR Day 18 ASGPR: 唾液酸糖蛋白受体,分选已肝分化的细胞 Basma, H., A. Soto-Gutierrez, et al. (2009). Gastroenterology

18 Characterization of hepatocyte-directed cells
55% 12% 未分化ES,分化的ES,人原代肝细胞,肝癌细胞,55%细胞表达ALB,只有12%细胞共表达AFP,说明这部分细胞还没完全成熟

19 Characterization and transplantation of ES-derived cells
70 mg/kg retrorsine惹卓碱,抑制内源性肝细胞的增生,惹卓碱可在肝细胞内代谢为活化状态,使肝细胞DNA烷基化,阻断细胞周期而干扰肝细胞的增殖. 注射的是经过18天分化的细胞 移植后ELISA检测人的白蛋白和α1抗胰蛋白酶的表达 猪的原代肝细胞做阳性对照。

20 Comparison of directed hepatic differentiation in vitro among iPSC lines
(B) DE (definitive endoderm, SSEA3-CXCR4+), (C) HP (hepatic progenitors, AFP+, red), (D) MH (mature hepatocyte-like cells, ALB+ green, and AAT+ red) cytochrome P450 (CYP450)细胞色素P450,一类主要存在于肝脏、肠道中的单加氧酶,多位于细胞内质网上,催化多种内、外源物质的(包括大多数临床药物)代谢 albumin (ALB)白蛋白 Liu, H., Y. Kim, et al. (2011). Sci Transl Med

21 In vivo engraftment and regeneration potential of hepatic cells derived from human iPSCs and ESCs
DMN:二甲基亚硝胺,连续3天注射,一共持续4周,造成慢性肝损伤模型 注射2×106 human iPSC/ESC-derived hepatic cells,尾静脉注射 CYP2E1 (red) and ALB (green)

22 In vivo engraftment efficiency of human iPSC-derived multistage hepatic cells
当细胞注射量小 0.1×106 to 1×106 to时,注射分化早期的细胞效果好 注射量为2×106后,不同阶段的细胞体内八周的效果差不多

23 Thank you!


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