1. The Motivation to Love Overcoming Spiritual Violence and Sacramental Shame in Christian Churches Dawne Moon, PhD, Sociology Theresa Tobin, PhD, Philosophy Marquette University

2. The Motivation to Love

3. Spiritual abuses of LGBT people by Christian churches.

4. The Motivation to Love Spiritual abuses of LGBT people by Christian churches. 1. What motivates non-LGBT church members to end these practices?

5. The Motivation to Love Spiritual abuses of LGBT people by Christian churches. 1. What motivates non-LGBT church members to end these practices? 2. How do LGBT Christians overcome spiritual violence to experience a loving God, serve others, and flourish?

6. Spiritual Violence

7. Using religious means to violate a person in her or his relationship to God

8. Spiritual Violence Using religious means to violate a person in her or his relationship to God Using scripture to demean

9. Spiritual Violence Using religious means to violate a person in her or his relationship to God Using scripture to demean Sexual abuse by clergy/ using religious symbols

10. Spiritual Violence Using religious means to violate a person in her or his relationship to God Using scripture to demean Sexual abuse by clergy/ using religious symbols Religious teachings/traditions  spiritual inferiority

11. Spiritual Violence

12. Warps spiritual development of the self

13. Spiritual Violence Warps spiritual development of the self Warps moral development of the self

14. Spiritual Violence Warps spiritual development of the self Warps moral development of the self Erects barriers to Christian virtue

15. Sacramental Shame

16. A form of spiritual violence in which a church uses shaming practices to try to bring a person closer to God

17. Sacramental Shame A form of spiritual violence in which a church uses shaming practices to try to bring a person closer to God – Paradoxically separates person from God

18. Sacramental Shame A form of spiritual violence in which a church uses shaming practices to try to bring a person closer to God – Paradoxically separates person from God Focus inward on fixing self

19. Sacramental Shame A form of spiritual violence in which a church uses shaming practices to try to bring a person closer to God – Paradoxically separates person from God Focus inward on fixing self God’s love is conditional

20. Sacramental Shame A form of spiritual violence in which a church uses shaming practices to try to bring a person closer to God – Paradoxically separates person from God Focus inward on fixing self God’s love is conditional Can’t serve others until self repaired

21. Two Groups: LGBT Christians Non-LGBT Participants

22. LGBT Christians

23. Celibate

24. LGBT Christians Celibate Same-sex marriage advocates

25. LGBT Christians Celibate Same-sex marriage advocates Bisexuals and transgender people – Not always included

26. LGBT Christians Celibate Same-sex marriage advocates Bisexuals and transgender people – Not always included – Use these discourses selectively

27. LGBT Christians Celibate Same-sex marriage advocates Bisexuals and transgender people – Not always included – Use these discourses selectively – Articulate their unique experiences

28. LGBT Christians What helps overcome spiritual violence?

29. LGBT Christians What helps overcome spiritual violence? HYPOTHESIS: LGBT identity

30. LGBT Christians What helps overcome spiritual violence? HYPOTHESIS: LGBT identity – Allows to look outside self

31. LGBT Christians What helps overcome spiritual violence? HYPOTHESIS: LGBT identity – Allows to look outside self – Allows to serve others

32. LGBT Christians What helps overcome spiritual violence? HYPOTHESIS: LGBT identity – Allows to look outside self – Allows to serve others – Allows to experience God’s love

33. Non-LGBT Participants

34. What creates the motivation to love?

35. Non-LGBT Participants What creates the motivation to love? HYPOTHESIS: Four processes

36. Non-LGBT Participants What creates the motivation to love? HYPOTHESIS: Four processes – “Sexuality” since late 19 th century

37. Non-LGBT Participants What creates the motivation to love? HYPOTHESIS: Four processes – “Sexuality” since late 19 th century – Media representations

38. Non-LGBT Participants What creates the motivation to love? HYPOTHESIS: Four processes – “Sexuality” since late 19 th century – Media representations – Relationship with LGBT people

39. Non-LGBT Participants What creates the motivation to love? HYPOTHESIS: Four processes – “Sexuality” since late 19 th century – Media representations – Relationship with LGBT people – Global information flow  Implausibililty of single truth  listen, learn, love

40. Non-LGBT Participants What creates the motivation to love? HYPOTHESIS: Four processes – “Sexuality” since late 19 th century – Media representations – Relationship with LGBT people – Global information flow  Implausibililty of single truth  listen, learn, love Conventional approach feels unchristian

41. Methodology and Deep Integration

42. Methods and Deep Integration Feminist Christian virtue ethics perspective

43. Methods and Deep Integration Feminist Christian virtue ethics perspective – Limitation

44. Methods and Deep Integration Feminist Christian virtue ethics perspective – Limitation Only published statements

45. Methods and Deep Integration Feminist Christian virtue ethics perspective – Limitation Only published statements Speculative conclusions

46. Methods and Deep Integration Feminist Christian virtue ethics perspective – Limitation Only published statements Speculative conclusions – Contribution

47. Methods and Deep Integration Feminist Christian virtue ethics perspective – Limitation Only published statements Speculative conclusions – Contribution Able to make ethical claims

48. Methods and Deep Integration Feminist Christian virtue ethics perspective – Limitation Only published statements Speculative conclusions – Contribution Able to make ethical claims Able to distinguish true from pseudo-virtue

49. Methods and Deep Integration Qualitative sociological perspective

50. Methods and Deep Integration Qualitative sociological perspective – Contribution

51. Methods and Deep Integration Qualitative sociological perspective – Contribution Deep, rich narratives of experience from multiple perspectives

52. Methods and Deep Integration Qualitative sociological perspective – Contribution Deep, rich narratives of experience from multiple perspectives Dynamic process where analysis informs later data gathering, and reveals changes over time

53. Methods and Deep Integration Qualitative sociological perspective – Contribution Deep, rich narratives of experience from multiple perspectives Dynamic process where analysis informs later data gathering, and reveals changes over time – Limitation

54. Methods and Deep Integration Qualitative sociological perspective – Contribution Deep, rich narratives of experience from multiple perspectives Dynamic process where analysis informs later data gathering, and reveals changes over time – Limitation No ethical evaluation

55. Methods and Deep Integration Deep Integration

56. Methods and Deep Integration Deep Integration – Sociological methods to gather data

57. Methods and Deep Integration Deep Integration – Sociological methods to gather data Participant-observation,

58. Methods and Deep Integration Deep Integration – Sociological methods to gather data Participant-observation, interviews,

59. Methods and Deep Integration Deep Integration – Sociological methods to gather data Participant-observation, interviews, documents

60. Methods and Deep Integration Deep Integration – Sociological methods to gather data Participant-observation, interviews, documents – Hybrid form of analysis

61. Methods and Deep Integration Deep Integration – Sociological methods to gather data Participant-observation, interviews, documents – Hybrid form of analysis Grounded Theory (Inductive)

62. Methods and Deep Integration Deep Integration – Sociological methods to gather data Participant-observation, interviews, documents – Hybrid form of analysis Grounded Theory (Inductive) Extended Case Method

63. Methods and Deep Integration Deep Integration – Sociological methods to gather data Participant-observation, interviews, documents – Hybrid form of analysis Grounded Theory (Inductive) Extended Case Method – Feminist and Queer Theory/Ethics

64. Methods and Deep Integration Deep Integration – Sociological methods to gather data Participant-observation, interviews, documents – Hybrid form of analysis Grounded Theory (Inductive) Extended Case Method – Feminist and Queer Theory/Ethics – Virtue Ethics, Violence Studies

65. Methods and Deep Integration Deep Integration – Sociological methods to gather data Participant-observation, interviews, documents – Hybrid form of analysis Grounded Theory (Inductive) Extended Case Method – Feminist and Queer Theory/Ethics – Virtue Ethics, Violence Studies – Expand these theories using inductively gathered data

66. Methodological Innovation

67. Examining situated accounts and personal narratives of people’s motivation to virtue

68. Methodological Innovation Examining situated accounts and personal narratives of people’s motivation to virtue Framing sociological data in terms of virtue

69. Methodological Innovation Examining situated accounts and personal narratives of people’s motivation to virtue Framing sociological data in terms of virtue Bringing sociological data to the discussion of virtue

70. Why This Matters

71. Academic significance

72. Why This Matters Academic significance Methodological significance

73. Why This Matters Academic significance Methodological significance Practical significance

74. Why This Matters Academic significance

75. Why This Matters Academic significance How people develop the motivation to end practices of spiritual violence

76. Why This Matters Academic significance How people develop the motivation to end practices of spiritual violence The end of the “Culture Wars”

77. Why This Matters Academic significance How people develop the motivation to end practices of spiritual violence The end of the “Culture Wars” Character development in unhealthy spiritual environment

78. Why This Matters Academic significance How people develop the motivation to end practices of spiritual violence The end of the “Culture Wars” Character development in unhealthy spiritual environment Spiritual Healing

79. Why This Matters Methodological significance

80. Why This Matters Methodological significance Empirical grounding and/or challenge to moral claims (claims about motivation to virtue)

81. Why This Matters Methodological significance Empirical grounding and/or challenge to moral claims (claims about motivation to virtue) Moral framework to guide analysis

82. Why This Matters Practical significance

83. Why This Matters Practical significance Understand harms and gifts of religion for LGBT Christians

84. Why This Matters Practical significance Understand harms and gifts of religion for LGBT Christians Help movements to foster growth

85. Why This Matters Practical significance Understand harms and gifts of religion for LGBT Christians Help movements to foster growth Facilitate public understanding

86. Challenges

87. Conflict between normative philosophy & “value neutral” sociology

88. Challenges Conflict between normative philosophy & “value neutral” sociology Sociology has unspoken normative assumptions

89. Challenges Conflict between normative philosophy & “value neutral” sociology Sociology has unspoken normative assumptions Methodological barrier

90. Challenges Conflict between normative philosophy & “value neutral” sociology Sociology has unspoken normative assumptions Methodological barrier Naturalistic research draws on existing skills and dispositions

91. Challenges Conflict between normative philosophy & “value neutral” sociology Sociology has unspoken normative assumptions Methodological barrier Naturalistic research draws on existing skills and dispositions Philosophical project invites interviews on its own

92. The Motivation to Love Overcoming Spiritual Violence and Sacramental Shame in Christian Churches Dawne Moon, PhD, Sociology Theresa Tobin, PhD, Philosophy Marquette University