1. WB Higher Education Authorities BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA www.hea.gov.ba Boris.Curkovic@hea.gov.ba International Conference on Higher Education Reform: Towards Joint Regional Roadmap in Structural Reform Petrovac, Montenegro, 24 May 2012 Agency for Development of Higher Education and Quality Assurance Bosnia and Herzegovina STREW – BUILDING CAPACITY FOR STRUCTURAL REFORM IN HIGHER EDUCATION OF WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES, 511335 -1-2010-RS-TEMPUS-SMHES

2. www.hea.gov.ba Public Universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina University of Tuzla University of Sarajevo University of East Sarajevo University Džemal Bijedić of MostarUniversity of Mostar University of Zenica University of Bihać University of Banja Luka 8 120.000 8 public universities – about 120.000 students 35 25.000 35 private HEI – about 25.000 students 15% About 15% of students attend private HEIs

3. www.hea.gov.ba BiH HE education system(s) Complex country: 2 entities (Republic of Srpska and Federation of BiH) and a District (Brčko). 12 responsible educational authoritiesConstitutional responsibility for all levels of education (including HE) are on the entities and the District, while in entity of Federation are on 10 cantons – so, we have 12 responsible educational authorities. MoCACoEMRC HEA CIPOn central level are role of coordination of policies (MoCA, CoEM, RC), part of development and QA (HEA) and part of recognition (CIP).

4. www.hea.gov.ba BiH HE education system(s), ctd. 43 HEIs 12 responisble eudcation authorties Ministry of Civil Afairs Conference of Educational Ministers Rectors’ Conference Agency for Development of Higher Education and Quality Assurance Centre for Information and Recognition of Documents in the Area of Higher Education

5. www.hea.gov.ba STREW Report - resources Legislation review (FLHE, 12 Laws on HE) Research on developed methodology: –5 self-assesment reports of all Project Partners (3 universities, RS MoEC and HEA) –Survey – 301 questionary were fullfiled, 70 seleceted: Representatives of teaching staff (40.0% of lecturers, 5.7% department heads) Faculty governing staff (7.1% of vice-deans and 5.7% of deans). Representatives of HEAs (21.5%) Representatives of administrative staff (15.7%) and Students representatives (4.3%).

6. www.hea.gov.ba RESEARCH FINDINGS

7. www.hea.gov.ba Topic 1: UNIVERSITY Regarding features of university most valued principles are: quality of research and teaching (100%), responsiveness to social needs (96,7%), autonomy (94,2%), and accessibility (91,3%) Quality assurance and improvement, external evaluation and accreditation are all areas of Regional importance to higher education institutions (M = 4.84) The development of higher education should be informed by a strategic and long-term vision (M = 4.73) Majority of the participants believe that autonomy should be on both university and faculty level (63.8%), whereas 30.4% believe it should be on university level, and 5.8% - on faculty level. Regarding legal status, majority believe it should be associated to university (47.8%), while 40.6% believe it should be associated to both university and faculty, and 11.6% - to faculty.

8. www.hea.gov.ba Topic 1: UNIVERSITY, ctd. Functions Percentages UniversityFacultyBoth Enrolling students 33.343.523.2 Employing staff 37.723.239.1 Deciding on the content of study programs 38.216.245.6 Issuing diplomas/degrees61.42.935.7 Negotiating with government for funding64.22.932.9 Having development fund 46.410.143.5 Having international relations office60.04.036.0 Having quality assurance office50.010.040.0 Having student support services 8.665.725.7 Having information system 44.310.045.7 Having students organizations 38.610.051.4

9. www.hea.gov.ba Topic 1: UNIVERSITY, ctd. Concerning advantages/disadvantages of integrated university, 45.8% of participants see some disadvantages (like too high level of bureaucratization), while 37.5% don’t care. On the scale of 0 to 5, majority of participants rated the level of universities in their countries being integrated with 4 (34.8%), followed by 31.8% who rated it with 3, and 18.2% who rated it with 1. 8 5 3 In accordance to all laws, all have to be integrated.8 public universities: 5 integrated with different levels of centralization, while 3 are fully disintegrated. In accordance to all laws, all have to be integrated.

10. www.hea.gov.ba Topic 1: UNIVERSITY, ctd. university administrative staffParticipants are mainly dissatisfied with university administrative staff and especially with university information system in the country.Weak points of university administrative staff are: inefficiency, poor organization, lack of competence (especially for European projects administration), lack of English knowledge etc. information systemRegarding information system, 34.8% of the participants would opt for central university information system. non-state own income that should be allowed to universityRegarding non-state own income that should be allowed to university, participants answered affirmatively for: tuition fees – 95,7%, donations – 92,8%, publishing – 94,2%, commissioned projects – 97,1%, consultancy fees – 88,4%

11. www.hea.gov.ba UNIVERSITY - autonomy Perception of autonomy: –Right to define their own strategic and long-term vision (94,1%) –Right to negotiate common positions, projects and programs with sister institutions, nationally and internationally (91,4%) –Right to decide about curricula (86,8%) –Right to decide about research subjects (86,8%) –Right to have predictable long term funding framework with multi-year financial planning (84,3%) o All laws stipulate free elections of university governance (rectors, vice-rectors, deans) does it mean that financial management of these universities is done by the Ministry or by the University? o Integrated universities are part of the tresory system – does it mean that financial management of these universities is done by the Ministry or by the University?

12. www.hea.gov.ba Topic 2: HE authorties When participants were asked to rate professional potential of HE authorities with no permanent staff on a scale from 0 to 5, mean value was M = 2.62. On the question “Whether there exists conflict of interest if all members of HEA are academics being employed at HEIs”, mean value was, M = 3.20. 69.7% of participants believe it would be advisable to introduce non-state agencies/bodies with advisory powers throughout the higher education sector, and 65.6% would support introducing non-state professional accreditation/QA agencies/bodies in the higher education system. They would have most trust in professional non-state and non-profit agencies (M = 4.05), comparing to professional for-profit (M = 2.38) and non-professional state agencies/bodies (M = 2.33).

13. www.hea.gov.ba Topic 2: HE authorties Regarding certificates that could provide more confidence concerning the quality of HEI, majority of participants would opt for international accreditation certificate (78.1%). o 12 responsible ministries: some of them are understaffed and with luck of capacities to support HE reforms. o In one case: we have a Canton with 5 private HEIs where Higher Education Law have not been adopted yet. o Concept of independent public agencies gave some results, the main problem is dividing of responsibilities and understanding of policy making or advising role.

14. www.hea.gov.ba Topic 3: private - public private HEIsMajority of the participants believes that private HEIs are typical for Western European countries (24.3%), while on the second place are Western Balkan countries (21.4%). There are 15.7% of the participants who stated that private HEIs are typical for countries with long lasting experience in market economy, and the same percent of those who think they are common in all countries. Majority of the participants believe that the title/name of university should be legally protected (89.8%). Regarding interior organization of private university, it should be decided by the law (47.6%) or governing body (39.7%).

15. www.hea.gov.ba Topic 3: private – public, ctd. Half of the participants believe that it will be possible to maintain and further develop HE without increasingly involved private financing, and half of them believe it will not be possible, because the country doesn’t have enough money and because state apparatus is slow and rigid. The highest level of trust participants have toward state universities (M = 4.13), then toward not-for-profit universities (M = 3.95) and for- profit universities (M = 2.04). Similarly, majority expressed preference toward university for excellence (48.4%) and state university (40.6%), while on the third place is not-for-profit university (10.9%).

16. www.hea.gov.ba Agency for Development of Higehr Education and Quality Assurance BA – 78000 Banja Luka, Blvd. Stepe Stepanovića 11 P: +387 51 430 510, F: +387 51 462 302 e-mail: Boris.Curkovic@hea.gov.ba Boris.Curkovic@hea.gov.ba