1. Constitution

2. Before the Constitution Article of Confederation (1781) Created a weak central government Lacked the power to deal with nations problems So … 1787 Constitutional Convention held to 1 st revise the Articles then replace them

3. Preamble to the Constitution We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

4. System of Government Use the reading “Forming a New Government” pp 584-585 to explain the following: 1.What was the Federal system of government? 2.Identify the 3 branches and their roles. 3.Explain “checks and balances.” 4.How did the Enlightenment influence the Constitution? 5.What was the role of James Madison at the Constitutional Convention? 6.Why did some people oppose the Constitution? 7.What was the solution Congress developed? What did Congress’ solution do?

5. Systems of Government Federal System Political power is divided between the national and state governments. 3 Branches Legislative – make laws Judicial – interprets laws Executive – enforces laws

6. Systems of Government Checks and Balances System to make sure no one branch becomes more powerful. Enlightenment Locke & Rousseau Gov’t as consent of people Montesquieu 3 branches

7. James Madison Negotiated the key/main points of the constitution Small vs. large North vs. South Opposition Failed to protect the rights of citizens

8. System of Government Congress’ Response Agreed to add the Bill of Rights Protected natural rights Speech Religion Due process of law