1. Journal #12 What must happen to nitrogen before organisms can use it? What is the most abundant element in the atmosphere? How does phosphorus enter the soil?

2. Today’s objective Today, we will continue making a flipbook to provide a visual diagram of the 4 cycles we learned last week.

3. How to fold a flipbook: Fold the first page in half so that one side is once inch shorter than the other. Take the second page and place it one inch above the long side and fold along the same crease. We will use 3 pages

4. Front page: Title Page Cycles in Earth’s System Draw a picture related to the cycles we learned about.

5. Page 2 Nitrogen Cycle You will draw the nitrogen cycle and describe what is taking place Drawing must include at least 5 reservoirs What is a reservoir?

6. Air Bacteria in Soil PlantsAnimals Bacteria in Soil

7. Nitrogen Cycle Include Description: Nitrogen gas makes up 78% of the atmosphere Nitrogen must be fixed (by bacteria or some plants) before plants and organisms can use it. In the nitrogen cycle, nitrogen moves from air to soil, from soil to plants and animals and back to the air.

9. Page 3 Label this tab: Phosphorus Cycle Draw a diagram of the phosphorus and include 5 reservoirs Descriptions of how phosphorus moves from one reservoir to the next. (see next slide)

10. Information to Include Phosphorous is rarely a gas Phosphorous enters the soil and water when rock breaks down and when phosphorus dissolves in water Some organisms excrete excess phosphorus in their waste, and this phosphorus may enter soil and water. Plants absorb this phosphorus through their roots. Animals absorb phosphorus when they eat plants. When animals die, the phosphorus returns to the environment through decomposition

12. Journal #13 1. What is transpiration? 2. Carbon is stored in the geosphere in buried plant or animal remains and a rock type called___.

13. Page 4- Carbon Cycle Label this tab Carbon Cycle Draw a diagram of the carbon cycle and include arrows showing direction of energy flow. Include 5 reservoirs in your drawing Write a description of the carbon cycle (see next slide)

14. Page 4- Carbon Cycle Description Carbon moves through all 4 spheres Plants convert Carbon Dioxide into sugar Organisms eat the plants, and obtain carbon from the sugar and release carbon into the air as carbon dioxide, wastes and decay Carbon is stored in the geosphere in buried plant or animal remains and rock called carbonate

15. Carbon Cycle

16. Page 5 –Water Cycle Label this tab Water Cycle Draw a diagram of the water cycle and include arrows showing direction of energy flow. Include 5 reservoirs in your drawing Write a description of the water cycle (see next slide)

17. Page 5- Water Cycle Description The movement of water from the atmosphere to Earth’s surface and back to the atmosphere is always taking place. Transpiration is the release of moisture from plant leaves. Continuous movement of water is called the water cycle