1. PROGRESS OF THE PROJECTS National Food Security Mission
Supported by
National Food Security Mission
of India
Review Meeting
New Delhi September 2, 2011
Kb Saxena ICRISAT

2. Short Title Duration Partners Area 2007 -12
Promotion of hybrid p’pea
ICRISAT, GAU,MAU,PKV,
ARS Gulbarga
AP, Mah, MP, Guj, Kar, Jhar
Host –plant resistance for Helicoverpa
ICRISAT, ARS- Gulbarga
AP , Kar
Heat tolerance in chickpea
ICRISAT, IIPR, PU, JNKVV
AP, UP, Puj, MP
Chickpea in rice-fallows
ICRISAT, JNKVV, IGKVV
Raipur, Jabalpur
Water-logging resistance in pigeonpea
ICRISAT,IIPR, PAU,HAU,
IARI JNKVV,BHU
MP, UP, AP, Har, Punj, Delhi

3. Taking Pigeonpea Hybrids
Project # 1
Taking Pigeonpea Hybrids
to the
Doorsteps of Farmers

4. Highlights of Hybrid Project
Hybrid pigeonpea technology developed, tested , and transferred to ICAR and seed companies
Hybrids performed very well in pure and intercrop
High yielding hybrids with 28-60% advantage in farmers’ fields identified
Hybrid ICPH 2671 released in Madhya Pradesh
Hybrid ICPH 2740 performing well in Mah,Kar,AP
Under good management some hybrids yielded > 5000 kg/ha

5. Hybrid seed production areas identified
Achievements ….Contd
On-farm validation of ICPH 2671, 2740 completed
in AP, Mah, Kar, Jharkhand, and MP
Early maturing and white seeded hybrids are now available
BEST FARMER AWARD received by a farmer in AP for 3250 kg/ha yield and
Hybrid seed production areas identified
MP -- Jabalpur, Indore, Rewa, Katni, Seoni, Tikamgarh
AP ---- Warangal, Medak, Nizamabad, Nalgonda
Kar -- Bellary

6. “2009 Best Farmer Award” for a bumper crop of ICPH 2671 in Andhra Pradesh

7. Constraints Identified
Need more cooperation from Govt seed agencies
Seed production standards required
Seed production in farmers’ fields need close monitoring
Appropriate agronomy should be followed
Increased emphasis on parent seed production with quality control

8. Project # 2
Exploiting Host Plant Resistance in Grain Legumes for Helicoverpa Management Under Rainfed Conditions in India

9. Objectives
Identification of chickpea and pigeonpea lines with resistance to Helicoverpa.
Study effect of Helicoverpa-tolerant cultivars on ETLs, reduction in pesticide use, and their interaction with bio-control agents.
Study effectiveness of Helicoverpa-tolerant lines in IPM and sustainable crop production
Technology exchange and capacity building

10. Chickpea
Six lines were found to have less Helicoverpa damage with rating of <5.0 as compared to 9 in control .
Selected lines produced > 1,000 kg/ ha yield under unprotected conditions.
In an international screening nursery ICC 14364, ICC 14872, ICCL 86111, ICCV 10, ICC 506 EB, ICCV 09104, and ICCV exhibited moderate levels of resistance across locations.
In OFTs the yield of ICCV (1921 kg/ ha) and ICCV (1738 kg/ha) was significantly greater than control JG 11 (1185 kg/ha).

11. Performance of Helicoverpa-tolerant lines in OFTs
Pigeonpea
ICPL (933 kg/ ha), ICPHaRL (1081 kg/ha), ICPHaRL (760 kg/ha), yielded more than control ICP 8863 (444 kg/ ha).
 In Tandur (A P), yields of ICPL 332 WR ranged from 812 to 1250 kg/ ha, and that of Maruti from 788 to 1076 kg/ha.
Most farmers reported a better control and less insecticide use in ICPL 332 WR than that of control.
Varieties with tolerance to pod borer gave more yield in combination with insecticide protection than the susceptible cultivars.
Performance of Helicoverpa-tolerant lines in OFTs

12. Helicoverpa-resistant variety ICPL 332WR – in farmers’ fields

13. Project 3 Improving heat tolerance in chickpea for warm growing conditions

14. Increasing incidence of heat stress in C’pea
Increasing area under late sown conditions
Fluctuations and increase in temperatures due to climate change
Large shift in chickpea area from northern India to Southern India

15. Field screening for heat tolerance at Patancheru
Reproductive
phase
Reproductive
phase
Crop season
Summer season

16. Large genetic variation for heat tolerance in chickpea
Sensitive
Tolerant

17. Heat Tolerant Suceptible

18. Research progress
Several heat tolerant germplasm and breeding lines identified
Pollen viability was the key trait for sensitivity.
Molecular mapping of heat tolerance genes is in progress.
Segregating populations developed for developing heat tolerant cultivars
Tolerant Sensitive

19. Release of heat tolerant variety
Heat tolerant ICCV released as
“JG 14”
in MP
for late sown conditions

20. Chickpea in
Rice fallow
Project # 4

21. Area (m ha)under rice fallow
State
Kharif rice
Rabi fallow
MP + Chhattisgarh
5.60
4.38*
Bihar + Jharkhand
5.97
2.20*
West Bengal
4.62
1.72
Orissa
3.88
1.22
Maharashtra
1.76
0.63
Assam
2.23
0.54 UP
6.26
0.35 AP
2.66
0.31
Total
40.18
11.65
Source: Subbarao et al. (2001)

22. Goal To increase production and productivity of C’Pea Approach
To bridge yield gap using improved technologies
Focus
Districts with high potential but low productivity
Project Sites
Chhattisgarh: Durg, Raipur, Rajnandgaon, Kwarda
M P: Jabalpur, Damoh, Rewa, Satna

23. The Technology Constraints Technologies Seed …………..
: Improved varieties
Crop establishment ……
: Zero tillage machines
Diseases ………..
: Wilt resistance
Pod borer ……….
: IPM responsive
Fertilizer…………
: DAP
Micronutrients…………..
: Zn, B, Mb
Herbicide………..
: Pendamethaline
Transfer of technology…..
: Empowerment
Seed systems……….
: VLSS

24. Highlights IPPPT, VLSS, Capacity building Year
Obj-1: IPPPT Demos (No.)
Obj-2: VLSS (tons)
Obj-3: CB (Farmers No.)
592
60.15
398
1219
144.19
2455
2039
206.32
2557
Total
3850
410.66
5410
Objective 1: Demonstrations, Objective 2: Village level seed system
Objective 3: Capacity Building / Training

25. Backstop Research- Problems Faced
Highlights
Backstop Research- Problems Faced
1. Mechanization and crop establishment ?
Indira seed-fertilizer drill – Limited success
National seed-fertilizer drill – R&D for modification
2. Plant Mortality Complex ?
Weather and sequential occurrence of wilt & Dry root rot
Analysis of historical weather and disease data
Identified moderate resistance to wilt & Dry root rot

26. The Demonstrations
Over 3800 demonstrations conducted in 8 villages during to

27. Selection and utilization of water-logging tolerant
Project # 5
Selection and utilization of
water-logging tolerant
cultivars in
pigeonpea

28. Water-logging Scenario in India (Agropedia-pigeonpea, 2009)
3.93 m ha grown with p’pea
1.0 m ha of affected
20-25% yield losses/year
Annual losses Rs Crores

29. Objectives Identification of water logging & salinity tolerant lines
Transfer of water-logging tolerance in local cvs
On-Farm validation of water-logging tolerance
Generate and share information and materials

30. Rainfall (mm)
Stages sensitive
to WL
Year, 2010

31. Materials selected 107*/496 Survival 49*/107 Survival 18*/49
Seed 192 h submergence (lab)
107*/496
Early seeding (15 DAG, pots)
21 DAY SUBMERGENCE
Survival 49*/107
therefore we find out that evaluation for Wat seed stage after 192 h of submergence I wanted a screening methadology which could able to screen large number of genotype at minimum time and using minimum resources.
I optimized Screening technology according to sensitive stages. That at seed stage 192 h of submergence treatment could clear cut classify the tolerant and susceptible one. While at early seedling stage 21 days of submergence treatment would be enough to demarcate tolerant from susceptible one. And at field level 8 days flooding would be enough to categorized the genotypes into the tolerant and susceptible catogory. The evaluation has been made at seed stage on the basis of survival rate, at seedling stage on the basis of early plant vigor and survival rate. While at field level evaluation will be done on the basis of final yield.
After optimization of the screening methodology the following conditions have allowed to properly discriminate between tolerant and susceptible lines.
Late seedling (35 DAG, field)
8 DAY FLOODING
Survival 18*/49

32. WL Tolerant varieties and hybrids identified ICPH 2740
Asha

33. Trait associated with tolerance
Lenticels and adventitious roots
In general lenti-cells production takes three weeks time but under this project, will try to identify genotypes which can give lenticel in one week

34. *Selection in a puddled rice field*

35. Evaluation in on-station trial, 2011

36. SUMMARY
Significant progress has been made in all the NFSM supported projects
Hybrid tech established, HY hybrids developed, tech transferred, one hybrid released
Helicoverpa tol lines identified, testing in progress
Yield potential of CP in rice fallows demonstrated
Heat tolerant lines identified and used in breeding
Water-logging tolerant genotypes identified; further testing in progress
Capacity building was given importance in projects

37. in research and development of
The Project Partners
thank NFSM
for their
valuable support
in research and development of
pulses