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CHANGES IN STATES OF MATTER. THE STATE OF THE MATERIAL DEPENDS ON TEMPERATURE!! 1. When the temperature of a material increases, the particles absorb.

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Presentation on theme: "CHANGES IN STATES OF MATTER. THE STATE OF THE MATERIAL DEPENDS ON TEMPERATURE!! 1. When the temperature of a material increases, the particles absorb."— Presentation transcript:

1 CHANGES IN STATES OF MATTER

2 THE STATE OF THE MATERIAL DEPENDS ON TEMPERATURE!! 1. When the temperature of a material increases, the particles absorb energy and move faster. 2. When the temperature of a material decreases, the particles lose energy and slow down.

3 KINETIC THEORY OF MATTER ALL MATTER CONSISTS OF TINY PARTICLES THAT ARE IN CONSTANT MOTION. THE MORE KINETIC ENERGY THEY HAVE, THE FASTER THEY MOVE.

4 3 MAIN STATES OF MATTER SOLIDS LIQUIDS GASES 4 TH IS PLASMA (very high temp’s.)

5 SOLIDS The particles are held closely together by forces between them. The particles can’t move out of position because they have a low kinetic energy. Have a definite shape. Have a definite volume.

6 LIQUIDS The particles are close together, but have enough kinetic energy to move over and around each other. Takes the shape of its container. Have a definite volume.

7 GASES The particles have enough kinetic energy to separate from each other. Particles are free to move in all directions. Take the shape of the container Expand and contract to change volume to completely fill their container.

8 Thermal Expansion Almost all matter expands as it gets hotter and contracts when it cools. This happens because when particles are heated, they move faster and have more kinetic energy. They can move away from each other and escape the forces that hold them closely together. The opposite happens when the particles cool and slow down.

9 So as temperature changes, the state of matter changes.

10 Changes in states of matter Vocabulary….

11 MELTING WHEN A SOLID CHANGES TO A LIQUID BECAUSE ENERGY IS ABSORBED

12 MELTING POINT THE TEMPERATURE AT WHICH A SOLID MELTS IT IS DIFFERENT FOR ALL SUBSTANCES.

13 FREEZING WHEN A LIQUID CHANGES TO A SOLID BECAUSE ENERGY IS LOST.

14 FREEZING POINT THE TEMPERATURE AT WHICH A LIQUID FREEZES. DIFFERENT FOR ALL SUBSTANCES.

15 VAPORIZATION (BOILING) WHEN HEAT IS ADDED TO A LIQUID UNTIL IT REACHES A TEMPERATURE AT WHICH IT CHANGES TO BUBBLES OF GAS BELOW ITS SURFACE. BOILING WATER IN A PAN!!

16 BOILING POINT THE TEMPERATURE AT WHICH A LIQUID BOILS. DIFFERENT FOR ALL SUBSTANCES.

17 EVAPORATION A LIQUID CHANGES TO A GAS GRADUALLY AT TEMPERATURES BELOW THE BOILING POINT. LEAVING A GLASS OUT ON THE COUNTER VS. BOILING WATER

18 CONDENSATION WHEN A GAS CHANGES TO A LIQUID BECAUSE ENERGY IS LOST. WATER FORMING ON THE OUTSIDE OF A GLASS OF ICE WATER.

19 SUBLIMATION WHEN A SOLID CHANGES DIRECTLY TO A GAS WITHOUT GOING THROUGH THE LIQUID STATE. DRY ICE

20 DEPOSITION WHEN A GAS CHANGES TO A SOLID WITHOUT GOING THROUGH THE LIQUID STATE. FROST!!


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