1. CHAPTER 21 SUMMARY
SOUTHERN AFRICA

2. SOUTH AFRICA Very rich in mineral resources.
DIAMONDS, chromium, platinum, coal, gold, uranium.
Most industrialized nation in Africa.
Modern Technological Agriculture.
Corn, wheat, fruits, cotton, sugarcane, sheep, cattle , dairy.

3. APARTHEID APARTHEID = APARTNESS
National policy of segregation started in 1948.
Many protested the lack of civil rights for non-whites.
1991 Apartheid ended.
1994 Nelson Mandela (The first Black President of S. Africa was elected.)

4. TODAY IN SOUTH AFRICA 2/3 Christian 11 languages
Most industrialized nation in Southern Africa
Government trying to improve standard of living of poorer South Africans.
MAJOR AIDS EPIDEMIC.

6. Lesotho and Swaziland Tiny enclaves inside of South Africa.
Lesotho only has water as a resource. They sell it.
Most practice subsistence farming.
Many work in South Africa part of the year.

7. Zambia, Malawi, Zimbabwe, and Botswana
Share similar characteristics.
Landlocked on a High Plateau = Mild Climate.
70% of population practice subsistence farming.
Many people now moving to cities.

8. ZAMBIA Zambezi river. Victoria Falls Hydroelectric power = Kariba Dam.
Copper mines 80% of income.
Imports 70% of food.

9. MALAWI Great Rift Valley Reliant on Agriculture
Lake Malawi: 500 species of fish.
400 species of Orchids.
Reliant on Agriculture
Export tobacco, tea, sugar, sorghum for molasses.
Most are Christian due to Missionary David Livingstone in mid-1800s.
One of the Highest population densities of Africa.

10. ZIMBABWE Mining Plantations Today 34% of Adults have AIDS.
Gold, copper, iron ore, and asbestos.
Plantations
Coffee, Cotton, and Tobacco.
Today
34% of Adults have AIDS.
¼ Christian, ¾ Traditional Religions.
Famous for sculpted stone and wood.
Famous for Drums.

11. BOTSWANA Covered by the Kalahari Desert. National symbol Pula = Rain
Never enough
Vast Diamond Resources.
Home to large game reserves = Tourism.
Imports 50% of food.
Most speak English and Setswana.
Before 1966 was a British Colony.

12. ANGOLA Oil = 90% of export earnings. Bantu descendants. 50% Catholic
Hilly grasslands = Agriculture
85 % Subsistence Agriculture.
Coffee and Cotton exported.
Oil = 90% of export earnings.
Bantu descendants.
50% Catholic
VERYPOOR NATION due in part to civil war that broke out among different ethnic and political groups and have lasted for more than 25 years.

13. NAMIBIA One of Africa’s newest nations. Tourists come to Sand Board.
Independence from South Africa in 1990.
Tourists come to Sand Board.
Diamonds, Copper, gold, Zinc, silver and uranium.
Very Poor Nation.

14. MOZAMBIQUE Sand dunes, swamps, harbors. Victims of Cyclones.
Practice Slash and Burn agriculture.
Flooding in rainy season.
Drought otherwise.
Metal production, oil/gas fishing.
Former Portuguese Colony.
1/2 Traditional Religions
½ Christian/Muslim
Very Poor Nation.

15. MADAGASCAR Broke away from Africa 160 million years ago.
Slash and Burn Plantations:
VANILLA, Coffee, rice.
80% of Madagascar has been slashed and burned
Very unique plant and wildlife! Several species are only found here.
22 % of people live in “Tana”.
Dance is very popular.

16. SMALL ISLAND COUNTRIES OF AFRICA
COMOROS
Mix of Arabs, Africans, and Madagascar people.
Agriculture 90% of economy.
Rice, Vanilla, Cloves, Cinnamon.
SEYCHELLES
86 islands
100,000 people
Agriculture: Coconuts and Cinnamon
MAURITUS
SUGAR, textiles, and clothing.
Tourism.
70% Indian population.
GREAT FOOD!
Indian Curry, Chinese Pork, African Roast Beef, French style veggies.