1. The Copying & Content of the Canon Canonicity - NT With an OT Review

2. The Copying & Content of the Canon Old Testament A Journey of ~1000 Years Moses: circa 1400 BC Malachi: circa 450BC Via the PropheticVoice

3. The Copying & Content of the Canon Extra-Biblical Evidence for the Old: Wisdom of Sirach – Mentions all the Torah & Prophets, the Ketuvim was not yet set. Wisdom of Sirach – Mentions all the Torah & Prophets, the Ketuvim was not yet set. Septuagint (LXX) – Considered by Philo & Josephus (he numbers 22 books) to be on par with the Hebrew Text. Septuagint (LXX) – Considered by Philo & Josephus (he numbers 22 books) to be on par with the Hebrew Text. Many scholars believe the canon of the OT was set during the Hasmonean Dynasty (140-37 BC) but there is no real consensus. Many scholars believe the canon of the OT was set during the Hasmonean Dynasty (140-37 BC) but there is no real consensus. No one, however, disputes the claim that prophecy “ceased” with Malachi. No one, however, disputes the claim that prophecy “ceased” with Malachi. Old Testament

4. The Copying & Content of the Canon New Testament Evidence for the Old: Jesus refers to the Tanakh ( Knt ) in Luke 24:44. Jesus refers to the Tanakh ( Knt ) in Luke 24:44. Jesus makes reference to “the blood of Abel to Zechariah,” Luke 11:51. Genesis 3 – 2 Chronicles 24:20-22. Jesus makes reference to “the blood of Abel to Zechariah,” Luke 11:51. Genesis 3 – 2 Chronicles 24:20-22. The numerous references throughout the gospels to the text as God’s word: “it is written,” Matt. 4; “God commanded,” Matt. 15:3; Jesus calls God’s word “truth,” John 17:17. The numerous references throughout the gospels to the text as God’s word: “it is written,” Matt. 4; “God commanded,” Matt. 15:3; Jesus calls God’s word “truth,” John 17:17. Old Testament

5. The Copying & Content of the Canon What is the significance and implications of these Verses? Rom. 3:1,2 “Then what advantage has the Jew? Or what is the value of circumcision? Much in every way. To begin with, the Jews were entrusted with the oracles of God.” Rom. 3:1,2 “Then what advantage has the Jew? Or what is the value of circumcision? Much in every way. To begin with, the Jews were entrusted with the oracles of God.” Jesus’ reference to the “the blood of Abel to Zechariah,” in Luke 11:45-52. Jesus’ reference to the “the blood of Abel to Zechariah,” in Luke 11:45-52. 2 Peter 3:14-17, Peter’s reference to Paul’s writings. 2 Peter 3:14-17, Peter’s reference to Paul’s writings. Old Testament

6. The Copying & Content of the Canon Looking Forward to the New Testament: Acts 2:42 – “They devoted themselves to the apostle’s teaching, and to fellowship, the breaking of bread and prayer.” Acts 2:42 – “They devoted themselves to the apostle’s teaching, and to fellowship, the breaking of bread and prayer.” Great significance was given to Apostolic Doctrine, because the twelve (including Paul who replaced Judas), received their instruction directly from Jesus (cf. Gal. 1:11-2:3). Great significance was given to Apostolic Doctrine, because the twelve (including Paul who replaced Judas), received their instruction directly from Jesus (cf. Gal. 1:11-2:3). New Testament

7. The Copying & Content of the Canon Marcion (c. 85-160 AD), the Heretic: Gnostic, with Docetic Views. Gnostic, with Docetic Views. Claimed Christianity ≠ Judaism. Claimed Christianity ≠ Judaism. Affirmed Jesus as Savior & saw Paul as chief apostle. Affirmed Jesus as Savior & saw Paul as chief apostle. Had a collection of 10 of Paul’s letters & a chopped up copy of Luke. Had a collection of 10 of Paul’s letters & a chopped up copy of Luke. Was excommunicated by his own father. Was excommunicated by his own father. New Testament

8. The Copying & Content of the Canon The NT Canon is Gathered: Mid 2 nd Century Justin Martyr mentions the “memoirs of the apostles.” Mid 2 nd Century Justin Martyr mentions the “memoirs of the apostles.” Muratorian Fragment (c. 170 AD) Muratorian Fragment (c. 170 AD) Origen (c.200) uses a copy of the gathered 27 books, but he disputed a few of them. Origen (c.200) uses a copy of the gathered 27 books, but he disputed a few of them. Athanasius, Bishop of Alexandria, includes all 27 NT books in his famous Easter Letter (367 AD). Athanasius, Bishop of Alexandria, includes all 27 NT books in his famous Easter Letter (367 AD). New Testament

9. The Copying & Content of the Canon Transmission of the Text:

10. The Copying & Content of the Canon Transmission of the Text:

11. The Copying & Content of the Canon Can I be Confident in My Text? Majority Text View: Source Copy ACopy BCopy C A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 B3 C1 C2 C3

12. The Copying & Content of the Canon Can I be Confident in My Text? Majority Text View Difficulties: Source Copy ACopy BCopy C A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 B3 C1 C2 C3

13. The Copying & Content of the Canon Can I be Confident in My Text? Wescott and Hort: They believed there was no intentional falsification of the text as it was copied. They believed there was no intentional falsification of the text as it was copied. They chose the best reading based if it was the oldest & most odd. They chose the best reading based if it was the oldest & most odd. Recognized 3 traditions. Recognized 3 traditions.

14. The Copying & Content of the Canon Questions?